Lee, David R.Verner, DorteAshwill, MaximillianWilby, Robert2013-04-102013-04-102013-03-14978-0-8213-9844-910.1596/978-0-8213-9844-9https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13123The increasing resilience to climate change in the agricultural sector report presents local-level priorities, informed by stakeholder input, to build agricultural resilience in both countries. The objectives of this study were threefold: (1) to improve the understanding of climate change projections and impacts on rural communities and livelihoods in selected regions of Jordan and Lebanon, specifically the Jordan River Valley and Lebanon's Bekaa Valley; (2) to engage local communities, farmers, local experts, and local and national government representatives in a participatory fashion in helping craft agricultural adaptation options to climate change; and (3) to develop local and regional climate change action plans that formulate recommendations for investment strategies and strategic interventions in local agricultural systems. The climate challenges confronting development in the Middle East are particularly stark. This region, and in particular its rural people, face what might be called a "triple threat" from climate change. First, the Middle East is already one of the driest and most water-scarce regions of the world (World Bank 2011a) and faces severe challenges posed by high temperatures and limited water supplies. This report to assist Jordan and Lebanon in understanding the specific challenges and opportunities posed by climate change in the agricultural sector.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CREDITAGRIBUSINESSAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAGRICULTURAL ECONOMYAGRICULTURAL EXPERTSAGRICULTURAL EXTENSIONAGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONAGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGEAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTURAL MARKETSAGRICULTURAL POLICIESAGRICULTURAL POLICYAGRICULTURAL PRACTICESAGRICULTURAL PRICEAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY RESEARCHAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSAGRICULTURAL RESEARCHAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTESAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTIONSAGRICULTURAL SECTORSAGRICULTURAL SYSTEMSAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIESAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGYAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERAGRICULTURAL YIELDSAGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONAGRONOMIC PRACTICEAGRONOMIC PRACTICESAGRONOMISTSALTERNATIVE ENERGYANIMALSANNUAL PRECIPITATIONAQUACULTUREBIODIVERSITYBIOGASCAPACITY BUILDINGCARBONCARBON ACCUMULATIONCARBON DIOXIDECARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONSCATTLECEREAL CROPSCEREALSCGIARCIMMYTCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONCLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSCLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOCLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOSCLIMATE HAZARDSCLIMATE IMPACTCLIMATE POLICYCLIMATE RISKCLIMATE SCENARIOCLIMATE SCENARIOSCLIMATE VARIABILITYCLIMATESCLIMATIC CHANGESCO2COLORSCOMBUSTIONCONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHCOST ANALYSISCOTTONCROPCROP AREASCROP DAMAGECROP INSURANCECROP MANAGEMENTCROP PRODUCTIONCROP TYPESCROP VARIETIESCROP YIELDCROP YIELDSCROPPINGCROPSDEGREE DAYSDISEASESDROUGHTECOLOGICAL ZONESECONOMICS OF ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGEEFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGEELECTRICITYEMISSIONS SCENARIOSENERGY SOURCESEROSION CONTROLEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONEXTREME WEATHEREXTREME WEATHER EVENTSFAOFARMERSFARMINGFARMING SYSTEMSFARMLANDFARMSFERTILIZATIONFISHERIESFLOODSFOOD DEMANDFOOD PRICESFOOD PRODUCTIONFOOD SECURITYFORAGE CROPSFORD FOUNDATIONFORESTFOREST FIRESFORESTRYFORESTSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEFRUITSGCMGHGGISGLOBAL CLIMATEGLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITYGREEN REVOLUTIONGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONGREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATIONGREENHOUSE GASESHAILICARDAIFPRIIMPACT ASSESSMENTIMPACT OF CLIMATEIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGEIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEIMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGEINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTSINTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREASINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEIPCCIRRIGATIONIRRIGATION SYSTEMSLAND USELIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK FEEDLIVESTOCK OPERATIONSLIVESTOCK PRODUCTSMAIZEMETEOROLOGICAL DATAMETHANEMETHANE EMISSIONSMOISTURE INDEXNATURAL RESOURCESNITROUS OXIDEORCHARDSPESTSPETPLANT BREEDINGPLANT GROWTHPLANT PRODUCTIONPOTATOESPOULTRYPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOWER SUPPLYPRECIPITATIONQUANTITATIVE ANALYSISRADIATIONRAINRAINFALLRESEARCH CENTERSRESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGERISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGERIVER BASINSROCKEFELLER FOUNDATIONROOTSRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL ECONOMIESRURAL POPULATIONSCIENTISTSSEASONAL RAINFALLSEED VARIETIESSEEDSSHEEPSOIL DEGRADATIONSOIL EROSIONSOIL MOISTURESOIL TYPESOILSSOYBEANSSTORMSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERTEMPERATURETEMPERATURE CHANGETEMPERATURESTREESUNDPUNEPUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMEUNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMMEUNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTUSAIDVEGETABLE CROPVEGETABLE PRODUCTIONVEGETABLESVULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGEWATER QUALITYWATER RESOURCESWATER USE EFFICIENCYWATERSHEDWATERSHED MANAGEMENTWEATHER EXTREMESWEATHER PATTERNSWHEATWINDWIND EROSIONWINTER WHEATWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-9844-9