Denboba, Amina D.Sayre, Rebecca K.Wodon, Quentin T.Elder, Leslie K.Rawlings, Laura B.Lombardi, Joan2015-01-052015-01-052014-10https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21094Investing in young children is one of the best investments that countries can make. A child s earliest years present a unique window of opportunity to address inequality, break the cycle of poverty, and improve a wide range of outcomes later in life. Recent brain research suggests the need for holistic approaches to learning, growth, and development, recognizing that young children s physical and intellectual well-being, as well as their socio-emotional and cognitive development, are interrelated. To fully benefit from future opportunities in life and become productive members of society, by the end of early childhood, young children must be: healthy and well-nourished; securely attached to caregivers; able to interact positively with families, teachers, and peers; able to communicate in their native language; and ready to learn throughout primary school. This document draws on these existing frameworks and broad evidence on the impacts of ECD interventions. It summarizes some of the existing literature on this topic with the aim to identify key interventions needed for children. The document is intended to provide an easily accessible introduction to interventions and integrated services that could help policymakers and practitioners think about how to effectively invest in ECD. In addition to identifying key interventions, the document outlines four principles that can help countries design and implement strong ECD policies and programs. Countries should: (i) prepare an ECD diagnostic and strategy; (ii) implement widely through coordination; (iii) create synergies and cost savings through integrated interventions; and (iv) monitor, evaluate, and scale up successful interventions. In terms of interventions, within the ECD period, 25 key interventions are identified as essential for a child s growth and development. For each intervention, illustrative costs and impacts are provided. These are based on existing evidence and are only intended to be indicative. The document suggests that these interventions can be delivered through five integrated packages at different stages in a child s life. The five packages of interventions include: (a) the family support package, which should be provided throughout the ECD period, (b) the pregnancy package, (c) the birth package (from birth to six months), (d) the child health and development package, and (e) the preschool package.Las intervenciones dirigidas al desarrollo de la primera infancia (DPI) son esenciales para el crecimiento y el desarrollo de un niño. Los beneficios de esas intervenciones tienden también a ser mayores que los reportados por las inversiones en capital humano que se realizan en fases posteriores de la vida. Este documento constituye una guía sencilla para responsables políticos y profesionales sobre cómo invertir en los niños de corta edad. Identifica 25 intervenciones básicas en DPI que pueden llevarse a cabo en diferentes etapas de la vida de un niño a través de cinco paquetes integrados, que abarcan los aspectos de la educación, la salud, la nutrición, el agua y saneamiento, y la protección social. El documento expone también cuatro sencillo principios que los países pueden seguir para diseñar e implementar estrategias exitosas sobre DPI.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESADEQUATE DIETAGEDANTENATAL CAREANTENATAL VISITSBABIESBABYBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC SANITATIONBEHAVIOR CHANGEBIRTH REGISTRATIONBIRTH WEIGHTBREAST FEEDINGBREASTFEEDINGBULLETINCAPACITY BUILDINGCARE FOR CHILDRENCAREGIVER TRAININGCAREGIVERSCHILD CARECHILD DEVELOPMENTCHILD GROWTHCHILD HEALTHCHILD HEALTH CARECHILD LABORCHILD MORBIDITYCHILD MORTALITYCHILD NUTRITIONCHILD PROTECTIONCHILD SURVIVALCHILDCARECOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY EDUCATIONCOMPLEMENTARY FOODCOMPLICATIONSCONTRACEPTIVE METHODSCOUNSELORSCYCLE OF POVERTYDEATHS OF CHILDRENDELIVERY COSTSDEPRESSIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYDIETSDISABILITYDISADVANTAGED CHILDRENDISEASESDOMESTIC VIOLENCEDRINKING WATERDROPOUTDRUGSEARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY CHILDHOOD CAREEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMSEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONEARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONEARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONSEARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMSEARLY DEATHEARLY MARRIAGEECCEECDECD POLICIESECD PROGRAMSEMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CAREEPIDEMIOLOGYEQUITABLE ACCESSEXPOSURE TO VIOLENCEFAMILIESFAMILY PLANNINGFAMILY PLANNING SERVICESFAMILY SIZEFAMILY SUPPORTFOLIC ACIDFUTURE GROWTHFUTURE MOTHERSGENDERGENDER INEQUALITYGLOBAL HEALTHGLOBAL POLICYGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH MONITORINGHEALTH CAREHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH MINISTRIESHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PLANNINGHEALTH POLICYHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH WORKERSHEALTHCARE PROVIDERSHOLISTIC DEVELOPMENTHOME VISITINGHOME VISITSHOSPITALHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHYGIENEILL-HEALTHILLNESSILLNESSESIMMUNIZATIONIMMUNIZATIONSINDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTINFANTINFANT HEALTHINFANT MORBIDITYINFANT MORTALITYINFANTSINFERTILITYINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGYINTERVENTIONIODINE DEFICIENCYIRONLABOR FORCELACK OF AWARENESSLEARNINGLEARNING ACTIVITIESLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFESTYLESLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMALARIAMALNUTRITIONMALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDRENMATERNAL CAUSESMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYMENTALMENTAL DEVELOPMENTMICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATIONMIGRATIONMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORBIDITYMORTALITYMOTHERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNATIONAL LEVELNEONATAL HEALTHNEONATAL MORTALITYNEWBORNNEWBORN HEALTHNEWBORNSNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL STATUSOBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONSOUTPATIENT CAREPARENTAL LEAVEPARENTINGPARENTING EDUCATIONPATIENTPEDIATRICSPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTPHYSICAL GROWTHPHYSICAL HEALTHPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLICY FRAMEWORKPOLICY GOALSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOPULATION GROUPSPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCIESPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMANPREGNANT WOMENPREPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRESCHOOL EDUCATIONPRESCHOOLSPREVENTION INTERVENTIONSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOLSPROGRESSPUBLIC EDUCATIONPUBLIC HEALTHQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY SERVICESREFERRAL SYSTEMREGULATORY FRAMEWORKSRESIDENTIAL CARERESPECTRISK FACTORSRURAL AREASSAFE WATERSAFETY NETSANITATIONSCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL READINESSSCREENINGSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE PROVISIONSKILLED ATTENDANCESKILLED ATTENDANCE AT DELIVERYSKILLED HEALTH PERSONNELSOCIAL NETWORKSSOCIAL POLICYSOCIAL SCIENCESOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL STATUSSOCIAL SUPPORTSOCIAL WELFARETETANUSTREATMENT OF INFERTILITYUNFPAVACCINATIONVIOLENCEVULNERABILITYVULNERABLE FAMILIESVULNERABLE GROUPSWOMANWORKERSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG CHILDYOUNG CHILDREN10.1596/21094