World Bank2015-01-052015-01-052014-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21077Botswana has an official unemployment rate of 17.8 percent. The low labor-intensity of growth is a potential explaining factor for this high level of unemployment. It is thus essential to analyze the role of education and training in the access to employment. This note finds that the role of education has changed under the effect of schooling expansion and persistent unemployment. Labor market institutions appear to have a limited impact on employment and wage levels, while the importance of active labor market programs is growing. This note aims to identify labor market signals that point to demand for specific current and future skills. The note seeks to answer the following questions: does the labor market place a higher premium on workers literacy and numeracy skills, technical skills, or behavioral skills?; is the labor market more in need of secondary or tertiary education graduates?; and will growing economic sectors (for example, tourism) benefit more by increasing the supply of sector-specific skills (for example, through specific training for tour guides and hospitality staff) or general skills (for example, through training of lawyers and accountants who can be absorbed in any sector of the economy)?.This note analyzes the following data and documentation to identify labor market signals in the Botswana economy: government economic growth and diversification strategies; general labor market data; and enterprise and employee surveys.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO INFORMATIONACCESS TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYACTIVE LABORACTIVE LABOR MARKETACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMSADJUSTMENT PROCESSAGRICULTURAL EXTENSIONAGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERSAPTITUDESBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC EDUCATION NEEDSBASIC EDUCATION SYSTEMBASIC LITERACYBASIC SKILLSCAREER COUNSELINGCARPENTERSCLERKSCOMPUTER PROGRAMMERSCREATIVE THINKINGCRITICAL THINKINGDEMAND FOR EDUCATIONDIPLOMASDRIVERSEARNINGEDUCATED WORKERSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATION QUALITYEDUCATION REFORMEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL CREDENTIALSEDUCATIONAL LEVELSEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESEDUCATIONAL QUALITYEDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTSEDUCATIONAL RESEARCHEDUCATORSELECTRICIANSEMPLOYEEEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT GROWTHEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT PATTERNSEMPLOYMENT PROSPECTSEMPLOYMENT SERVICESENGINEERING EDUCATIONENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLSFINDING WORKFIRM SIZEFOREIGN OWNERSHIPFOREIGN WORKERSFOREIGN-OWNED FIRMSGENDER DIFFERENCESGENERAL EDUCATIONGENERIC SKILLSHIGH UNEMPLOYMENTHIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATESHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATIONHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESIN-SERVICE TRAININGINCOME SUPPORTINCOME SUPPORT PROGRAMSINFORMAL EMPLOYMENTINFORMAL SECTORINTERVENTIONSINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATIONJOB EXPERIENCEJOB SKILLSJOBSJUNIOR CERTIFICATELABOR DEMANDLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE DEMANDSLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICSLABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONSLABOR MARKETSLABOR ORGANIZATIONLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLABOR STATISTICSLABOR UNIONSLABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTHLABORERSLABOURLABOUR FORCELABOUR STATISTICSLEADERSHIPLEARNINGLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF LITERACYLITERACY SKILLSLOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLOWER SECONDARY EDUCATIONNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANSNUMERACYOCCUPATIONOCCUPATIONSON-THEJOB TRAININGPAPERSPAYING JOBSPERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENTPOST SECONDARY EDUCATIONPREVIOUS WORKPREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCEPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRINTINGPRIVATE EDUCATIONPRIVATE SECTORPROBLEM SOLVINGPROBLEM SOLVING SKILLSPRODUCTION PROCESSESPROFESSORSPUBLIC WORKSPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMSQUALITY OF EDUCATIONRATES OF RETURNREADINGRETAIL TRADERETURNS TO EDUCATIONRISING UNEMPLOYMENTRURAL AREASRURAL SCHOOLSSAFETY NETSALARIED EMPLOYMENTSANITATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSELF EMPLOYEDSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE SECTORSKILL REQUIREMENTSSKILLED LABORSKILLED MANPOWERSKILLED OCCUPATIONSSKILLED WORKERSKILLED WORKERSSKILLED WORKFORCESKILLS ACQUISITIONSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSKILLS REQUIREMENTSSKILLS TRAININGSOCIAL SKILLSTEACHERTEACHER EDUCATORSTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING METHODSTECHNICAL EDUCATIONTECHNICAL TRAININGTEMPORARY WORKERSTERTIARY EDUCATIONTOTAL EMPLOYMENTTRAINING CURRICULATRAINING INSTITUTIONSTRAVEL AGENTSUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYED WORKERSUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEMUNEMPLOYMENT RATEUNEMPLOYMENT RATESUNIVERSITIESUNPAID WORKERSUNSKILLED LABORUNSKILLED WORKERSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL SKILLSVOCATIONAL TRAININGWAGE COMPRESSIONWAGE LEVELSWORKERWORKFORCE SKILLSYOUTH10.1596/21077