Brunori, PaoloFerreira, Francisco H.G.Peragine, Vito2013-01-292013-01-292013-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12193Despite a recent surge in the number of studies attempting to measure inequality of opportunity in various countries, methodological differences have so far prevented meaningful international comparisons. This paper presents a comparison of ex-ante measures of inequality of economic opportunity (IEO) across 41 countries, and of the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) for 39 countries. It also examines international correlations between these indices and output per capita, income inequality, and intergenerational mobility. The analysis finds evidence of a "Kuznets curve" for inequality of opportunity, and finds that the IEO index is positively correlated with overall income inequality, and negatively with measures of intergenerational mobility, both in incomes and in years of schooling. The HOI is highly correlated with the Human Development Index, and its internal measure of inequality of opportunity yields very different country rankings from the IEO measure.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE ADVANTAGEACCESS TO SERVICESBETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITYCAUSE INEQUALITYCOUNTERFACTUALCROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONSDATA SETSDECOMPOSABLE INCOME INEQUALITY MEASURESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISCRIMINATIONDISTRIBUTION OF INCOMEDISTRIBUTIONAL OUTCOMESECONOMETRICSECONOMIC ANALYSISECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC REVIEWECONOMIC STUDIESECONOMIC SURVEYSECONOMIC THEORYECONOMICS LITERATUREEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELASTICITY OF POVERTYEMPIRICAL APPROACHESEMPIRICAL LITERATUREEMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIPEQUAL ACCESSETHNIC GROUPEX-ANTE INEQUALITYEXCHANGE RATESEXOGENOUS FACTORSFUNCTIONAL FORMGDPGDP PER CAPITAGINI COEFFICIENTGNPGNP PER CAPITAGROSS INCOMEGROWTH ELASTICITYHBSHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVEHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHUMAN CAPITALINCOMEINCOME COMPONENTSINCOME DIFFERENCESINCOME DISTRIBUTIONSINCOME ELASTICITYINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME SOURCESINCOMESINCREASING RETURNSINDEX OF INEQUALITYINDIVIDUAL INCOMESINEQUALITIES IN INCOMEINEQUALITYINEQUALITY AVERSIONINEQUALITY DECOMPOSITIONINEQUALITY INDEXINEQUALITY LEVELSINEQUALITY MEASUREINEQUALITY MEASURESINEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIESINEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITYINHERITANCEINTERGENERATIONAL EARNINGS ELASTICITYINTERGENERATIONAL EARNINGS MOBILITYINTERGENERATIONAL ELASTICITYINTERGENERATIONAL ELASTICITY OF EARNINGSINTERGENERATIONAL INCOME MOBILITYINTERGENERATIONAL MOBILITYINTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSIONINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINVERTED-U RELATIONSHIPLABOR FORCELABOR INCOMELABOR MARKETLIFE EXPECTANCYLINEAR RELATIONSHIPMEAN INCOMEMEAN LOG DEVIATIONMEAN VALUEMEASURE OF INEQUALITYMEASUREMENT ERRORMEASURES OF INEQUALITYMEASURING INEQUALITYMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIESNATIONAL INCOMENEGATIVE CORRELATIONNORMATIVE ECONOMICSNUMERICAL VALUEOLIGARCHYOPPORTUNITY SETOPPORTUNITY SETSOUTPUT PER CAPITAOVERALL INEQUALITYPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOME LEVELSPER CAPITA INCOMESPERMANENT INCOMEPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY VARIABLESPOLITICAL CHANNELSPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL INEQUALITIESPOLITICAL INFLUENCEPOLITICAL POWERPOORPOPULATION SHAREPOSITIVE CORRELATIONPOVERTY REDUCTIONPUBLIC ECONOMICSPUBLIC GOODSSANITATIONSKILLED LABORSOCIAL MOBILITYTOTAL INEQUALITYUNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIESVALUATIONWAGESWEALTHWELFARE ECONOMICSWELFARE INDICATORSWELL-BEINGWELLBEINGWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6304