Hammer, JeffreyDas, JishnuLeonard, Kenneth2012-05-242012-05-242008-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6393This paper provides an overview of recent work on quality measurement of medical care and its correlates in four low and middle-income countries-India, Indonesia, Tanzania, and Paraguay. The authors describe two methods-testing doctors and watching doctors-that are relatively easy to implement and yield important insights about the nature of medical care in these countries. The paper discusses the properties of these measures, their correlates, and how they may be used to evaluate policy changes. Finally, the authors outline an agenda for further research and measurement.CC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTERSACCESS TO CAREACCESS TO DRUGSACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONAILMENTSAMBULATORY CAREANALGESICBASIC HEALTHCHILD HEALTHCHILDHOODCLINICAL PRACTICECLINICSCOLDSDEHYDRATIONDELIVERY OF HEALTH CAREDEMAND FOR HEALTHDEMAND FOR HEALTH CAREDEPRESSIONDIAGNOSESDIAGNOSISDIARRHEADISCRIMINATIONDISEASEDISEASE BURDENDISEASESDOCTORSDYSENTERYECONOMIC PERSPECTIVESECONOMIC REVIEWEQUILIBRIUMEXPENDITURESFEVERGENDERGENDER DIFFERENCEGENDERSGENERAL PRACTICEHEALTH AFFAIRSHEALTH BUDGETSHEALTH CARE FACILITIESHEALTH CARE INFRASTRUCTUREHEALTH CARE OUTCOMESHEALTH CARE PROVIDERHEALTH CARE PROVIDERSHEALTH CARE QUALITYHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE USEHEALTH CARE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CLINICSHEALTH ECONOMICSHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH ORGANIZATIONHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SURVEYSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH WORKERSHOSPITALIZATIONHOSPITALSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESILLNESSILLNESSESINCOMEINDUCED DEMANDINEQUALITIES IN HEALTH CAREINFECTIOUS DISEASEINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINTERVENTIONLOW INCOMELOW-INCOME COUNTRIESMALARIAMARKET FAILURESMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL DOCTORMEDICAL DOCTORSMEDICAL EDUCATIONMEDICAL EXPENDITUREMEDICAL OFFICERMEDICAL PRACTICEMEDICAL SCHOOLSMEDICAL SYSTEMMEDICAL TRAININGMEDICINEMEDICINESMOTHERMOTHERSMSNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSNURSENUTRITIONOUTPATIENT CAREPATIENTPATIENT SATISFACTIONPATIENTSPHARMACYPHARYNGITISPHYSICAL HEALTHPHYSICIANPHYSICIANSPILLSPNEUMONIAPOLICY RESEARCHPRENATAL CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIVATE CLINICSPRIVATE DOCTORSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTORSPROBABILITYPUBLIC HOSPITALPUBLIC HOSPITALSPUBLIC PROVIDERSPUBLIC SECTORQUALITY OF HEALTHQUALITY OF HEALTH CARESMSUB-SAHARAN AFRICASYMPTOMSTBTHERAPYTREATMENTTUBERCULOSISVACCINATIONWORKERSWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-4501