Shaban, Radwan A.Abu-Ghaida, DinaAl-Naimat, Abdel-Salam2013-06-132013-06-132001-060-8213-4958-9https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13906This report draws lessons for improving the policy design of poverty alleviation schemes in Jordan. The conclusions herein are based on analyses of trends in consumption poverty in Jordan and assessment of the impact of government programs (including food subsidies and cash transfers) on poverty alleviation in the 1990s. Poverty declined between 1992 and 1997 because inequality declined. Government programs, especially those targeted to the poor like the National Aid Fund, contributed to poverty alleviation. However, poverty continues to be a major policy challenge for Jordan: the poor and near-poor remain vulnerable as a result of the shallowness of poverty in Jordan (many people are concentrated close to the poverty line) and the adverse effects of potential shocks. The report concludes the following: 1) sustainable poverty reduction requires resumption and sustainability of growth; 2) there is a need for a policy response to the vulnerability of the poor and near-poor to economic shocks; 3) the capacity of the National Aid Fund (NAF) needs to be significantly enhanced; and 4) continued priority needs to be placed on human development policies, particularly those affecting the poor.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE POVERTYABSOLUTE POVERTY LINEADMINISTRATIVE COSTSAVERAGE FAMILY SIZEAVERAGE INCOMESBASIC FOODSTUFFSBASIC HEALTHBASIC NEEDSBENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDSBUDGET DEFICITSBULLETINCALORIE INTAKECALORIES PER PERSONCASH TRANSFERSCHANGES IN POVERTYCHRONICALLY POORCOMPENSATORY MEASURESCONFLICTCONSUMER PRICE INDEXCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURECONSUMPTION POVERTYCREDIT PROGRAMSCUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTIONCUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONDATA SETSDECLINE IN FERTILITYDECLINE IN POVERTYDEPENDENCY RATIODEVELOPMENT INDICATORSDEVELOPMENT OF POLICIESDEVELOPMENT POLICIESDEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERSDISSEMINATIONDISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACTECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC SHOCKSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENT STATUSESTIMATES OF POVERTYEXTREME POVERTYFAMILY SIZEFOOD BASKETFOOD COUPONSFOOD EXPENDITUREFOOD ITEMSFOOD PRICEFOOD PRICE SUBSIDIESFOOD SHAREFOOD SUBSIDIESGINI INDEXGOVERNMENT POLICIESGOVERNMENT PROGRAMSGOVERNMENT SUPPORTGROWTH COMPONENTGROWTH EFFECTGROWTH PATTERNGROWTH RATEHEALTH INSURANCEHIGH POVERTYHIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTYHOSPITALHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD DATAHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSINGHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTILLITERACYILLNESSIMPACT ON POVERTYINCIDENCE OF POVERTYINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME LEVELSINCOME SHORTFALLINCREASE POVERTYINCREASING INEQUALITYINEQUALITYINEQUALITY CONSTANTINEQUALITY MEASURESINEQUITIESINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFLATION RATEINSURANCEJOB OPPORTUNITIESLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLELEGAL STATUSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVE BIRTHSLIVING CONDITIONSLONG RUNLOW WAGESMARITAL STATUSMEASUREMENT OF POVERTYMICRO-CREDITMILKNATIONAL ACCOUNTSNATIONAL COMMITTEENATURAL DISASTERSNEGATIVE IMPACTNUMBER OF WORKERSNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL INTAKESNUTRITIONAL NEEDSPEACEPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPER CAPITA EXPENDITUREPER CAPITA EXPENDITURE LEVELSPER CAPITA GROWTHPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOMESPOLICY ANALYSISPOLICY DEBATEPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY RESPONSEPOORPOOR COMMUNITIESPOOR HOUSEHOLDPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR PEOPLEPOOR PERSONPOORER HOUSEHOLDSPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATESPOPULATION INCREASEPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTSPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY ESTIMATESPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY GAP INDEXPOVERTY IMPACTPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOVERTY INDICATORSPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY POVERTYPOVERTY PROFILEPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRACTITIONERSPRO-POORPUBLIC DEBATEPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONPUBLIC WORKSPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMSRAPID GROWTHRATES OF GROWTHRECREATIONREDUCED INEQUALITYREDUCED POVERTYREDUCING POVERTYREDUCTION IN POVERTYREFORM POLICIESREGIONAL DISTRIBUTIONREGIONAL INEQUALITYRELATIVE PRICESREPATRIATIONRESPECTRETURN MIGRATIONRISK-TAKING BEHAVIORRURALRURAL AREASSAFE WATERSAFETY NETSCHOOL-AGE POPULATIONSEXSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL WORKERSSQUARED POVERTY GAPSQUARED POVERTY GAP INDEXSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT REFORMSSUSTAINABLE REDUCTION OF POVERTYTARGETED TRANSFERSTARGETINGTOTAL POVERTYTOTAL POVERTY LINETRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRANSFER PROGRAMSTRANSPORTATIONTREATYUNEMPLOYMENTUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONVULNERABILITYWARSWATER RESOURCESWELFARE INDICATORWELFARE LEVELWELFARE MEASUREWELFARE MEASURESWELFARE PROGRAMZAKATWorld Bank10.1596/0-8213-4958-9