World Bank2013-08-212013-08-212002-12-31https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15287During the last century, Brazil was one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Between 1901 and 2000, Brazil's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita grew at an average annual rate of 4.4 percent. Brazil's long-run growth has rivaled that of counties such as South Korea, universally praised as a stellar performer. Brazil does not received the same praise. Perhaps one reason is that more has been expected of Brazil, especially by Brazilians themselves. After all the country is richly endowed with natural resources and is blessed with an energetic people. Perhaps is that economic growth in Brazil has been more erratic than in other countries, or it may be that this economic growth performance has been accompanied by high inequality, thus diminishing the "quality" of growth. How is it that the country with the fastest growth in the region also has the highest inequality? Are the two facts related, and if so, what can be done to improve the pattern of future income growth across the social classes, and reduce its extreme inequality and the breadth and depth of its poverty? The first volume summarizes the overall conclusions for policy drawn from the seven background papers presented in the second volume, and other relevant research, as well as giving a historical account of the driving forces behind Brazilian growth since the 1960s.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERSANATOMYAVERAGE GROWTHAVERAGE INCOMEAVERAGE INCOME GROWTHBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBASIC EDUCATIONBENCHMARKINGBUREAUCRACYCAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCAPITAL FORMATIONCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCIVIL SOCIETYCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITION POLICYCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGECORRUPTIONCRIMECROSS-COUNTRY PERSPECTIVECROWDING OUTDATA SETSDEBTDEMOGRAPHICSDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRYDEVELOPING WORLDDEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERSDIRECT INVESTMENTDISTORTIONARY TAXESECONOMETRICSECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCESECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC CONSTRAINTSECONOMIC EXPECTATIONSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INCENTIVESECONOMIC LITERATUREECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC THEORYECONOMICSECONOMISTSEMPIRICAL STUDIESEXCHANGE RATESEXPORTSEXTERNALITIESFINANCIAL DEPTHGDPGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH DETERMINANTSGROWTH PERFORMANCEGROWTH POLICYGROWTH RATEGROWTH RATESGROWTH REGRESSIONSGROWTH THEORYHIGH SPREADSHOUSEHOLD DATAHUMAN CAPITALILLITERACYIMMIGRATIONINCOME GROWTHINCOME INEQUALITYINDUSTRIAL POLICYINFRASTRUCTURE PROVISIONINTEREST RATEINTERNATIONAL TRADEINVESTMENT CLIMATEISOLATIONKNOWLEDGE ECONOMYLABOR MARKETLONG-RUN GROWTHLONG-TERM GROWTHLOW INFLATIONMACROECONOMIC BALANCEMACROECONOMIC GROWTHMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITYMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENTMACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCEMACROECONOMIC REFORMSMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMANAGERSMEDIUM TERMMIGRATIONNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNEGATIVE EFFECTOUTPUT GROWTHPAYMENTS CRISISPOLICY AREASPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY INTERVENTIONPOLICY ISSUESPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL STABILITYPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIVATE SECTORPRO-POORPRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROGNOSISPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC GOVERNANCEPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORREGRESSION ANALYSISREGULATORY BURDENRELATIVE IMPORTANCERESOURCE ALLOCATIONRULE OF LAWSAVINGSSECTOR ACTIVITYSIGNIFICANT EFFECTSKILLED LABORSOCIAL SECURITYSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTAX REFORMTAXATIONTECHNOLOGICAL CHANGETECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONTECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESSTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERTERMS OF TRADETERTIARY EDUCATIONTHEORETICAL MODELSTIME SERIESTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTRADE REGIMETRADE SHOCKSTRADE VOLUMESTRADEOFFSWORKERS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTECONOMIC GROWTHEQUITABLE ACCESSGOVERNMENT SPENDING POLICYGOVERNANCEPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIESSTATE OWNED ENTERPRISESSOCIAL SECURITYFOREIGN INVESTMENTINVESTMENT ENVIRONMENTPUBLIC DEBTEXPORT CAPACITYINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSSECONDARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE SECTORTAXATIONEXPORT MARKETSFISCAL ADJUSTMENTSHUMAN CAPITALEQUALITYWorld Bank10.1596/15287