Alford, DonaldArcher, DavidBookhagen, BodoGrabs, WolfgangHalvorson, SarahHewitt, KennethImmerzeel, WalterKamp, UlrichKrumwiede, Brandon2016-04-112016-04-112012https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24049Hydrometeorological monitoring, as discussed here, describes the activities required to characterize the properties and processes of the hydrosphere as it exists in the three-dimensional mesoscale environment of the high-mountain catchment basins of the Hindu Kush-Himalaya (HKH) Mountains. Credible monitoring involves: (a) functional institutions; (b) operational instruments; (c) trained, motivated individuals; (d) scientific procedures; and (e) dedicated funding. Establishing a regional hydro-meteorological research facility in the HKH Mountains will involve developing solutions in the areas of integrated data collection and analysis procedures, instrument selection and placement, compatibility of monitoring instruments and procedures, training of personnel, procedures related to scale and modeling, ensuring accessibility of monitoring sites, and management, analysis, and archiving of the acquired data, all in the context of processes within the mountain basins, not in the adjacent lowlands. Mountain hydrometeorology is defined by a set of complex, three-dimensional, biophysical environments, produced by interactions among terrain, geology, and meteorology. The homogeneity seen from the distant lowlands becomes a complex mosaic of environments within the headwater basins. Altitude determines the properties of an atmospheric column extending upwards from a point within the mountains. These atmospheric properties determine the potential water and energy budgets at a point, or within a basin, in the mountains. Relief, slope aspect and angle, defines local topography.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOSUMMER TEMPERATURESLOCAL TEMPERATUREICE STREAMIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGESEASONAL PRECIPITATIONMETEOROLOGICAL SERVICESNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL SERVICESMETEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONREGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE RESEARCHSCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENTTEMPERATURECLIMATE CHANGE STUDIESRESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGETEMPERATURE RANGECLIMATIC RECORDSCLIMATE VARIATIONSWIND SPEEDCLIMATIC GRADIENTSCLIMATOLOGISTSHYDROLOGICAL RECORDSTEMPORAL VARIATIONSSURFACE ENERGYCLIMATE CHANGE ANALYSISMETEOROLOGYCLIMATE CHANGE IMPLICATIONSICE MELTINGHYDROLOGYWINDCLIMATESCLIMATE VARIATIONSEASONAL TEMPERATURESURFACE REFLECTANCEINTENSE RAINFALLHYDROLOGICAL RESPONSEGLACIER RETREATSURFACE LAYERSMOUNTAIN GLACIERSSURFACE ROUGHNESSSOLAR RADIATIONAERIAL PHOTOGRAPHYAIRGLACIAL LAKECLIMATE DYNAMICSHYDROLOGICAL CYCLECLIMATIC BEHAVIORAERIAL PHOTOGRAPHSINTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CYCLESRAIN DAYSICE COVERHYDROLOGICAL SYSTEMSSURFACE AIR TEMPERATURESUMMER MONSOON RAINFALLWARMING CLIMATEICE STREAMSGLOBAL CLIMATIC CHANGEICE VOLUMEREGIONAL CLIMATETEMPERATURE INCREASESGLACIER MELT RUNOFFAVERAGE RAINFALLRAINY DAYSMETEOROLOGICAL STATIONSCLIMATE VARIABLESCLOUDSCLIMATE ANALYSISTEMPORAL RESOLUTIONRAINFALL INTENSITYTEMPERATURE DATACLIMATE NETWORKSATLANTIC OCEANCONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEMINIMUM TEMPERATURERAINFALLGLACIER INVENTORYSURFACE TEMPERATUREGLACIERSREGIONAL CLIMATESCLIMATE MONITORING SYSTEMSCLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCECLIMATIC INFORMATIONCLIMATIC RECORDCLIMATE MODELSMINIMUM TEMPERATURESASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGEGLACIAL LAKE OUTBURSTRAINFALL DATALAND SURFACEIMPACT OF CLIMATETEMPERATURE RECORDTEMPERATURE CHANGESURFACE ELEVATIONCLIMATE TRENDSCLIMATE VARIABILITYSEA ICECLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGESCLIMATE RESEARCH UNITSCIENTISTLAND SURFACE MODELSCLIMATE-CHANGEHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSESCLIMATE SYSTEMSCLIMATE CHANGESCIENCEGLACIER MELTCLOUDY CONDITIONSICE MASSESCLIMATIC VARIABLESGLOBAL CLIMATEIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGEMETEOROLOGICAL VARIABLESCLIMATE DATACLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSEXTREME CONDITIONSGLACIER MELTINGCLIMATEGLACIAL LAKESTEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONSCLIMATE SYSTEMCLIMATE STATIONSINCREASE IN TEMPERATUREICE TONGUESENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCEDAILY TEMPERATURECLIMATE CHANGESSEASONGLOBAL TEMPERATUREGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGERAINFALL–RUNOFFCLIMATIC FACTORSCONVECTIVE RAINFALLHYDROLOGICAL REGIMESUMMER TEMPERATUREAIR TEMPERATURECLIMATIC CHANGEGLACIAL ICEOCEANSHYDROLOGICAL SCIENCESSCIENTISTSICE MELTSURFACE PARAMETERSCLIMATE MONITORINGICE CAPSCLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOSRAINFALL MEASUREMENTCOLD CLIMATESHYDROLOGICAL REGIMESRAINFALL DISTRIBUTIONCLIMATE ACTIONCLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONGLOBAL CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEMICEICE AGETEMPERATURESCLIMATE FORCINGRAINMETEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONSMEAN TEMPERATURESURFACE AIRTEMPERATURE RECORDSSUMMER RAINFALLTEMPERATURE CHANGESMETEOROLOGICAL DATATEMPORAL VARIATIONCLIMATOLOGYHYDROLOGICAL BUDGETCLOUD TOP TEMPERATUREHYDROMETEOROLOGYCLIMATIC FLUCTUATIONSCLIMATIC VARIABILITYSEASONSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEHYDROLOGICAL MODELSMAXIMUM TEMPERATUREHYDROLOGICAL DATAAIR MASSRAINFALL RUNOFFRAINFALL TRENDSURFACE MODELSSURFACE MELTINGSCIENTIFIC STUDYICE MASSCLOUD COVERTEMPORAL PATTERNSSURFACE ALBEDOGLACIER AREABookWorld Bank10.1596/24049