Cancho, CesarDavalos, Maria E.Demarchi, GiorgiaMeyer, MoritzSanchez Paramo, Carolina2015-02-032015-02-032015-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21390Substantial upward economic mobility in the majority of countries in Europe and Central Asia in the 2000s translated into achievements in reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity. Although factors associated with upward mobility vary significantly by country, education and jobs undoubtedly play an important role in lifting households out of poverty and helping them to improve their living standards. This study finds there is a puzzling mismatch between the objective economic mobility patterns observed in survey data and people's subjective perception of their mobility. A majority of people in the region perceives they are worse off economically than in the past and voice frustration over limited opportunities to improve their lives. This disconnect is partly explained by increased inequality in the region, an increasing sense of unfairness in the processes to move up, and a more marked sense of insecurity and vulnerability. Although the region has been making headway in lifting households out of poverty, ensuring sustainable progress toward poverty reduction and shared prosperity requires policies that promote human capital accumulation, foster job creation, and offer adequate protection to improve households' resilience to shocks.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE TERMSACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO EMPLOYMENTAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENTANNUAL GROWTHANNUAL GROWTH RATEAVERAGE GROWTHAVERAGE GROWTH RATECAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCHRONIC POVERTYCONSUMPTION AGGREGATECONSUMPTION DATACONSUMPTION GROWTHCONSUMPTION MEASURECOUNTRY EXPERIENCESCOUNTRY INEQUALITYCOUNTRY LEVELCROP PRODUCTIONCROSS-SECTIONAL DATADATA AVAILABILITYDATA SETDECLINING INEQUALITYDEMOGRAPHIC FACTORSDEPENDENT VARIABLEDESCRIPTIONDEVELOPMENT POLICYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC GROWTH PROSPECTSECONOMIC REFORMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELASTICITYEMPIRICAL MODELEMPLOYMENT STATUSERROR TERMSESTIMATION TECHNIQUESEXTREME POVERTYEXTREME POVERTY LINEFAMILY MEMBERSFEMALEFEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDSFINANCIAL CRISISGENDERGINI COEFFICIENTGLOBAL POVERTYGROWTH RATESHEALTH EXPENDITURESHIGH GROWTHHOUSEHOLD BUDGETHOUSEHOLD COMPOSITIONHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICSHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD MEMBERSHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN CAPITAL ENDOWMENTSINCOMEINCOME DIFFERENCESINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME GROWTHINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME LEVELSINCOME SHAREINCOME SHARESINCOMESINCREASED INEQUALITYINCREASING INEQUALITYINDEPENDENT VARIABLESINEQUALITYINEQUALITY DATAINEQUALITY LEVELSINEQUALITY MEASURESINTEREST RATESINTERGENERATIONAL MOBILITYJOB CREATIONJOB DESTRUCTIONLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETSLIVING CONDITIONSLIVING STANDARDSLOCALITIESMARGINAL EFFECTMARKET INCOMEMEAN CONSUMPTIONMEAN GROWTHMIDDLE CLASSMOBILITYNATURAL DISASTERNATURAL DISASTERSNEGATIVE SHOCKSNET CHANGESNON-POOR HOUSEHOLDSOBSERVED POVERTY REDUCTIONOLD AGEPER CAPITA GROWTHPER CAPITA GROWTH RATEPOINT ESTIMATESPOLICY AREASPOLICY DISCUSSIONPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY MAKINGPOLICY PERSPECTIVEPOLICY RESEARCHPOLITICAL INSTABILITYPOORPOOR HOUSEHOLDPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOSITIVE IMPACTPOVERTY CHANGESPOVERTY DYNAMICSPOVERTY FOCUSPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY SERIESPOVERTY THRESHOLDPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE TRANSFERSPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC HOUSINGPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC TRANSFERSPUBLIC TRANSPORTQUALITATIVE DATAQUALITY OF LIFEREDUCED POVERTYREDUCING POVERTYREDUCTION IN POVERTYREGIONAL ANALYSISREGIONAL CONTEXTREGIONAL LEVELREGIONAL PATTERNSREGIONAL POVERTYREGIONAL POVERTY LINEREGIONAL POVERTY LINESREGIONAL RESULTSREGIONAL STANDARDSREGRESSION ANALYSESREGRESSION ANALYSISREGRESSION RESULTSRELATIVE INCOMERELATIVE POSITIONRISING INEQUALITYRISK SHARINGRURALRURAL AREASRURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL LABORRURAL LABOR MARKETRURAL MENRURAL WOMENSAVINGSSCHOOLINGSECTOR EMPLOYEESSECTORAL COMPOSITIONSIGNIFICANT EFFECTSIGNIFICANT IMPACTSIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONSSOCIAL MOBILITYSOCIAL SCIENCESUB-REGIONSUB-REGIONSSUBREGIONSSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTRAFFICTRANSITION COUNTRIESUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASURBAN COMMUNITIESVULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDSWAGE EMPLOYMENTWELFARE DISTRIBUTION10.1596/1813-9450-7173