Lambert, SylvieRavallion, Martinvan de Walle, Dominique2012-06-062012-06-062007-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7343This paper shows how differences in aggregate human development outcomes over time and space can be additively decomposed into a pure economic-growth component, a component attributed to differences in the distribution of income, and components attributed to "non-income" factors and differences in the model linking outcomes to income or non-income characteristics. The income effect at the micro level is modeled non-parametrically, so as to flexibly reflect distributional changes. The paper illustrates the decomposition using data for Morocco and Vietnam, and the results offer some surprising insights into the observed aggregate gains in schooling attainments. A user friendly STATA program is available to implement the method in other settings.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO SCHOOLINGAGE GROUPSAGE RANGESAVERAGE INCOMEAVERAGE INCOMESAVERAGE SCHOOLINGBIRTH ORDERBULLETINCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURESCOUNTRY CHARACTERISTICSCOUNTRY PERFORMANCECOUNTRY REGRESSIONSCROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONSCROSS-COUNTRY RELATIONSHIPCULTURAL CHANGECURRICULUMDATA SETSDECOMPOSITION ANALYSISDEMAND FOR EDUCATIONDEPENDENT VARIABLEDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT EFFORTSDEVELOPMENT OUTCOMESDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISCRIMINATIONDISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONDISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGEDISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGESDISTRIBUTIONAL DATADISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTDRINKING WATERECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC REVIEWEDUCATION OUTCOMESEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL FACILITIESEMPIRICAL MODELEMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIPENROLLMENTENROLLMENT RATEENROLMENT RATEENROLMENT RATESENROLMENTSETHNIC GROUPETHNIC GROUPSETHNIC MINORITIESETHNIC MINORITYETHNIC MINORITY CHILDRENEXPLANATORY VARIABLESFERTILITYFERTILITY RATEFUNCTIONAL FORMFUTURE GROWTHGENDER GAPGENDER OF TEACHERSGIRLSGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATEGROWTH COMPONENTGROWTH PROCESSHEALTH CAREHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD INCOMESHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINCOME DIFFERENCESINCOME EFFECTINCOME GROWTHINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME POVERTYINEQUALITY TRENDSINFANTINFANT MORTALITYLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLIFE EXPECTANCYLINEAR MODELLINEAR REGRESSIONLITERACYLITERATE PARENTSLIVING STANDARDSMACROECONOMICSMEAN CONSUMPTIONMEAN ERROR TERMMEAN INCOMEMEAN INCOMESMEAN LOG DEVIATIONMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMOTHERNATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMSNEGATIVE EFFECTNUTRITIONOFFICIAL PRIMARY SCHOOLPARENTAL EDUCATIONPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOME LEVELSPOLICY CHANGESPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOORPOOR COUNTRIESPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENTPOPULATION GROUPSPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOSITIVE IMPACTPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY UPDATEPRIMARY ENROLLMENTPRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATEPRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATESPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTSPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENTPRIMARY SCHOOL FACILITIESPRIMARY SCHOOL LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRIMARY-SCHOOLPRIVATE SCHOOLINGPROGRESSPUBLIC EDUCATIONPUBLIC EDUCATION SPENDINGPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPENDINGQUALITY OF LIFEREGRESSION RESULTSREGRESSION TECHNIQUESRELATIVE IMPORTANCERICHER COUNTRIESRUNNING WATERRURALRURAL AREASRURAL DIFFERENCESRURAL DISPARITIESRURAL GIRLSRURAL MIGRATIONRURAL POVERTYRURAL SCHOOLRURAL WOMENSAFETY NETSCHOOL AGESCHOOL AGE CHILDRENSCHOOL AGED CHILDRENSCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL CHILDRENSCHOOL CONSTRUCTIONSCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURESCHOOL YEARSCHOOLINGSCHOOLSSECONDARY ENROLLMENTSECONDARY ENROLLMENT RATESSECONDARY ENROLMENTSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLMENTSECONDARY SCHOOL LEVELSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSOCIAL OUTCOMESSOCIAL SPENDINGSOCIOECONOMIC FACTORSURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POPULATION GROWTHURBANIZATIONVOCATIONAL TRAININGWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-4358