Shkaratan, MariaFoster, Vivien2017-08-142017-08-142010-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27769Infrastructure contributed 1.2 percentage points to the annual per capita growth of Malawi's gross domestic product (GDP) over the past decade, thanks mainly to the revolution in information and communication technology (ICT). Raising the country's infrastructure endowment to that of the region's middle-income countries could further boost annual growth by 3.5 percentage points per capita. Today, Malawi's basic infrastructure indicators look relatively good when compared with other low-income countries in Africa, although the performance of that infrastructure could be significantly improved. Malawi is one of the few African countries to have already reached the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for water, almost a decade ahead of the target. The private sector has made Global Management System (GSM) telephone signals widely available without public subsidy. A substantial road investment program has raised the average condition of the country's road network, and a foundation for institutional reform has been laid in the ICT, power, and road transport sectors. Even if those inefficiencies could be eliminated, Malawi will still face an infrastructure funding gap of almost $300 million a year. This could be lessened to $100 million by engaging in regional trade of electricity, using lower-cost supply modalities in water supply and sanitation, and adopting appropriate technologies for road sector development. As long as efficiency gains are captured and spending sustained at the levels of the recent past, the country's infrastructure targets could be reached within 16 years.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYACCESSIBILITYAIRAIR SAFETYAIR SPACEAIR TRAFFICAIR TRAFFIC CONTROLAIR TRANSPORTAIRPORTSAPPROACHASSET MAINTENANCEAVAILABILITYBALANCEBANDWIDTHBOTTLENECKSBRIDGECABLECAPITAL EXPENDITURECAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITALSCARRIERSCARSCONCESSIONCOST OF POWERCOST RECOVERYCOSTS OF POWERCOUNTRY COMPARISONSCUBIC METERDEFICITSDISTRIBUTION LOSSESECONOMIC GROWTHELECTRICITYELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY TARIFFSELECTRIFICATIONFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL DATAFREIGHTFUELFUTURE INVESTMENTSGENERATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION OF ELECTRICITYGENERATORSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RATESHOUSEHOLD BUDGETSHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLDSHYDROPOWERINFRASTRUCTURE ASSETSINFRASTRUCTURE FUNDINGINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE SERVICESINFRASTRUCTURE SPENDINGINTERNATIONAL TRAFFICINVESTMENT PROGRAMINVESTMENT REQUIREMENTSINVESTMENT TARGETSINVESTMENTS IN POWERKILOWATT-HOURLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEVEL OF CONCENTRATIONLITERS PER CAPITA PER DAYLOCOMOTIVEMAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTSMARGINAL COSTMINERAL RESOURCESMONTHLY WATER BILLNATURAL RESOURCESO&MOPERATING COSTSOPERATING EXPENDITURESOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYPERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTSPOWERPOWER CONSUMPTIONPOWER GENERATIONPOWER GENERATION CAPACITYPOWER GRIDPOWER PRODUCTIONPOWER SECTORPOWER TRADEPRIVATE OPERATORSPRIVATE PARTICIPATIONPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCTIVITYPROVISION OF WATERPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC SECTORRAILRAIL LINKSRAIL NETWORKRAIL OPERATORRAIL TRAFFICRAILWAYRAILWAYSREGIONAL TRANSPORTREGULATORY AGENCYRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSREVENUE COLLECTIONROADROAD INVESTMENTROAD MAINTENANCEROAD NETWORKROAD QUALITYROAD SECTORROAD TRAFFICROAD TRANSPORTROADSROUTERURAL WATERSAFETYSANITATIONSANITATION UTILITIESSUBSIDIARYSURFACE WATERTAXTOLLTRAFFIC DENSITYTRAFFIC VOLUMESTRANSITTRANSPORTTRANSPORT INDUSTRYTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT MARKETTRANSPORT POLICYTRANSPORT QUALITYTRANSPORT SECTORURBAN TRANSPORTURBAN WATERURBAN WATER SUPPLYURBAN WATER UTILITIESUTILITY BILLSUTILITY DISTRIBUTIONVEHICLEVEHICLESWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER POLICYWATER RESOURCEWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCESWATER SECTORWATER SECTOR REFORMWATER SERVICESWATER SOURCEWATER SUPPLYWATER TARIFFSWATER USERWATER UTILITIESWELLSReportWorld Bank10.1596/27769