Nasr, SaharPetersen, ArneVossen, Jan Van derHashad, NabilBritton, RichardKulaksiz, SibelHuitfeld, Erik2012-08-132012-08-132011-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/10869The link between sound and well-developed financial systems and economic growth is fundamental. Efficient and prudent allocation of resources by the financial system is critical for increasing productivity, boosting economic development, enhancing equality of opportunity, and reducing poverty. The financial sector in Iraq remains underdeveloped and underperforming. The banking system is by far the most important part of the financial system, accounting for over 75 percent of assets and is overwhelmingly state-owned. Non-bank institutions and markets are small and underdeveloped. Access to finance is impeded by a weak financial infrastructure, which needs strengthening in all areas: credit registry, the collateral framework, judicial systems, and accounting and auditing skills. It is also important to keep in view the political context. The difficult security situation imposes costs and constraints, the complex political situation impedes decisive policy action, governance issues linger, and the impact of state intervention continues despite reforms.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO FINANCEACCOUNTINGACCOUNTING STANDARDSASSET QUALITYAUDITINGBALANCE SHEETSBANK ASSETSBANK CAPITALBANK CARDSBANK CREDITBANK LOANBANK OPERATIONSBANKING LAWBANKING LAWSBANKING SECTORBANKING SUPERVISIONBANKING SYSTEMBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTBUSINESS REGULATIONCAPITAL ADEQUACYCAPITAL INJECTIONCAPITAL MARKETCAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENTCAPITAL MARKETSCAPITAL REQUIREMENTSCENTRAL BANKCHECKSCOLLATERALCOMMERCIAL BANKCONSOLIDATIONCONSUMER LOANSCONTRACT ENFORCEMENTCORPORATE BONDCORPORATE BOND ISSUESCORPORATE GOVERNANCECORRUPTIONCREDIT GROWTHCREDIT REGISTRYCREDITORSCREDITSDEBTDEBT SECURITIESDEPOSITDEPOSITSEARNINGSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHELECTRONIC CLEARINGEQUALITYEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITYFINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTUREFINANCIAL REPORTINGFINANCIAL SECTORFINANCIAL STATEMENTSFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFOREIGN ASSETSFOREIGN BANKSFOREIGN COMPANIESFOREIGN DONORSFOREIGN PORTFOLIOFOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTORSGOVERNANCE ISSUESGOVERNMENT DEBTGROSS SETTLEMENT SYSTEMGUARANTEE FUNDIDINSURANCEINSURANCE SERVICESINSURERSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICEINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSISLAMIC BANKINGISLAMIC BANKSISSUANCEJOINT STOCK COMPANIESJUDICIAL PROCESSESJUDICIAL SYSTEMSLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGISLATIONLIFE INSURANCELIFE INSURANCE COMPANIESLIQUIDITYLONG TERM ASSETSLONG TERM LIABILITIESMARKET PARTICIPANTSMARKET RISKMICRO-FINANCEMINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTSMONEY LAUNDERINGPAYMENT SYSTEMPAYMENTS SYSTEMPENSIONPENSION FUNDPENSION FUNDSPENSIONSPORTFOLIOPRIVATE BANKPRIVATE BANKSPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCTIVITYPROFITABILITYPROTECTION OF INVESTORSPRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTSRAPID ECONOMIC GROWTHRAPID GROWTHREAL TIME GROSS SETTLEMENTRECAPITALIZATIONREGULATORY FRAMEWORKRISK MANAGEMENTSECURITIES LAWSETTLEMENTSHAREHOLDERSHAREHOLDERSSHAREHOLDERS RIGHTSSTATE BANKSSTATE INTERVENTIONSTATE OWNED BANKSSTOCK EXCHANGESUPERVISION OF BANKSSUPERVISORY AUTHORITIESSUPERVISORY FRAMEWORKSYSTEMIC RISKTECHNICAL SUPPORTTERRORISMTRANSPARENCYYIELD CURVEWorld Bank10.1596/10869