Ruppert Bulmer, ElizabethHollweg, Claire H.2016-04-062016-04-062016-02https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24020As countries become increasingly integrated into the global economy, increased trade links with other countries translate into increased access to better or cheaper imports and increased demand for exports. Both can have an impact on consumers, producers and workers through household consumption, household production, and labor incentives. The channels through which increased trade integration can affect labor include: (i) the consumption channel, typically leading to an increase in purchasing power and therefore higher real wages, and (ii) the employment effect due to increased labor demand. The extent of these gains to trade will depend on the incidence of trade policies or trade shocks; in other words, the impact will depend on which products become less expensive, which sectors increase demand for skilled or unskilled labor, and which workers can access these new jobs. This report utilizes a range of methodologies and datasets that implicitly link trade and jobs; by using these complementary analytical approaches, we generate multiple perspectives on Lao PDR’s recent labor market outcomes, and their implications for Lao PDR’s current and future trade competitiveness.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOJOBSEMPLOYMENTHOUSEHOLD SURVEYTOTAL WORKERSUNEMPLOYMENT RATESEXPORT MARKETSPRODUCTIVITY LEVELSUNPAID FAMILY WORKERSNET JOB CREATIONWAGE GAPMANUFACTURING WAGESSKILLED WORKERSEMPLOYMENT SHAREWAGE DIFFERENTIALMINIMUM WAGEPUBLIC SECTOR JOBPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENTSERVICE SECTOREMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESSKILLS DEVELOPMENTRURAL LABOR MARKETSUNEMPLOYMENT FIGURESKILLED WORKFORCESLABOR FORCEDOMESTIC MARKETPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPRIMARY SOURCEJOBFEMALE EMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT SPELLSSERVANTSRURAL LABORFIRM SIZEPERMANENT JOBRETAIL TRADEREAL WAGESLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONTEMPORARY WORKERSEMPLOYMENT TRENDSEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMESWAGE GROWTHJOB LOSSESDRIVERSJOB SEEKERSMALE WORKERSHUMAN RESOURCEEMPLOYMENT LEVELLABOR MARKETURBAN EMPLOYMENTWAGE BILLEMPLOYMENT LEVELSGARMENT PRODUCTIONEMPLOYMENT POLICIESPRIVATE SECTOR WAGESSKILLED EMPLOYEESEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTPRIVATE SECTOR WORKERSLABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHWORKERADJUSTMENT COSTSPUBLIC SECTOR JOBSUNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALSLABOR PRODUCTIVITYNON-FARM EMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYEDATTRITIONTOTAL WAGESLABOR MARKET OUTCOMEVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONBUSINESS CYCLELABORPRIMARY SCHOOLTOTAL EMPLOYMENTJOB SEARCHURBAN WORKERSEXPORT MARKETLOW UNEMPLOYMENTWAGE INCREASEWAGE LEVELSFEMALE LABOREXPECTED WAGESUNEMPLOYMENTAVERAGE WAGESPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHHUMAN CAPITALVOCATIONAL TRAININGTRAINING COSTSWORKERSLABOR ADJUSTMENT COSTSPRODUCT MIXPRODUCTIVE WORKPRODUCTION WORKERSUNEMPLOYMENT RATELABOR INFORMATIONREAL WAGELABOR DEMANDWAGE INEQUALITYAVERAGE WAGEWAGE DATAPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIESNET EMPLOYMENTPAYING JOBSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISESJOB TURNOVERWAGE PREMIUMLABOR ADJUSTMENTOCCUPATIONSOCCUPATIONSKILL UPGRADINGEMPLOYMENT STATUSLABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICSLABOR MARKET OUTCOMESJOB CREATIONRURAL WORKERSPRIVATE SECTORLABOR MOBILITYHIGH WAGEJOB OFFERSEMPLOYMENT EFFECTPRODUCTION FUNCTIONPRIVATE SECTOR JOBSSKILLED LABORMANAGEMENTLABOR STANDARDSSERVICE SECTORSBASIC LITERACYENTRY COSTSWORKING CONDITIONSCREATING JOBSFEMALE LABOR FORCEVOCATIONAL SCHOOLLABORERSEMPLOYEEWAGE DIFFERENTIALSHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONPRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEESLABOR SUPPLYWAGE EFFECTSLABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENTNET JOB LOSSESTRAINED WORKERSCONSUMER PRICE INDEXAFFECTED WORKERINFORMAL EMPLOYMENTCHILD LABORUNSKILLED WORKERSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRODUCTIVITY GAINSDECLINING UNEMPLOYMENTLOW UNEMPLOYMENT RATESLABOR MARKETSPUBLIC SERVICEAGGREGATE EMPLOYMENTINTERNATIONAL MARKETSUNSKILLED LABORLABOR REGULATIONSWORK ACTIVITIESPRIVATE SECTOR WAGELABOR MARKET INFORMATIONLABOR REALLOCATIONEMPLOYEESReportWorld Bank10.1596/24020