World Bank2012-06-142012-06-142008-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8027In the 1990s, Zimbabwe's economic growth began to slow following a balance of payments crisis and repeated droughts. By the late 1990s Zimbabwe's economy was in serious trouble driven by economic mismanagement, political violence, and the wider impact of the land reform program on food production. During 2007 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contract by more than 6 percent, making the cumulative output decline over 35 percent since 1999. The unrelenting economic deterioration is doing long-term damage to the foundations of the Zimbabwean economy, private sector investment is virtually zero, infrastructure has deteriorated, and skilled professionals have left the country. With inflation accelerating, the Government introduced, in 2007, blanket price controls and ordered businesses to cut prices by half. Despite the strict price controls inflation continues to rise as the root cause of high inflation, monetization of the large public sector financing needs remains unaddressed. A large part of the high public sector deficit is due to quasi-fiscal spending by the central bank on mainly concessional credits and subsidized foreign exchange for priority sectors, unrealized exchange rate losses, and losses incurred by the central bank's open market operations to mop up liquidities.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS ROADSACCIDENT RATESACCIDENTSACCOUNTING SYSTEMSACTION PLANACTION PLANSANIMAL-DRAWN CARTSAUCTIONAUCTION SYSTEMAXLE LOADBACKBONEBICYCLESBOTTLENECKSBUDGET ALLOCATIONBUDGET ALLOCATIONSBUSINESSESCAPABILITIESCAPABILITYCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPITAL INVESTMENTCASH FLOWCATCHMENTCOMMODITIESCOMMUNICATION SERVICESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURECOMPETITIVENESSCOMPUTER HARDWARECONCESSIONSCONGESTIONCONNECTIVITYCONSUMER DEMANDCORE ROAD NETWORKCUSTOMER BASECUSTOMSDATA COMMUNICATIONSDATA NETWORKDAY-TO-DAY MANAGEMENTDEPARTMENT OF ROADSDERAILMENTSDISTRIBUTION NETWORKDISTRIBUTION NETWORKSDRIVERSECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CLIMATEECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTELECTRICITYENERGY INFRASTRUCTUREENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITSENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTEQUIPMENTFINANCIAL PERFORMANCEFINANCIAL SUPPORTFLEET SIZEFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN EXCHANGEFOREIGN INVESTMENTFREIGHTFREIGHT TRANSPORTFUELFUEL SHORTAGESGOVERNMENT FUNDINGGOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONGOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONSGOVERNMENT POLICIESGOVERNMENT POLICYHARMONIZATIONHEAVY VEHICLESHIGHWAYHIGHWAY AUTHORITYHIGHWAY DESIGNHIGHWAYSHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESICTINCOMEINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMATION SYSTEMSINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINSPECTIONINSTALLATIONINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINTERNATIONAL TRANSITLAND USELEGAL FRAMEWORKLENGTH OF ROADLICENSELICENSE FEESLICENSESLIMITED ACCESSLOCOMOTIVEMANAGEMENT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTUREMANAGEMENT OF ROADSMANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEMSMANUFACTURINGMINISTRY OF TRANSPORTMOBILE NETWORKMOBILE NETWORKSMOBILE TELEPHONENATIONAL PARKSNATIONAL TRANSPORTNATURAL RESOURCENETWORK ACCESSNETWORK SERVICENETWORKSOPEN MARKETOUTSOURCINGPASSENGER TRAFFICPEDESTRIANSPENETRATION RATEPIERSPOLICEPOLICY FRAMEWORKPORTS OF ENTRYPOSTAL SERVICESPRICE DISTORTIONSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPRIVATE SECTORSPROCUREMENTPROJECT MANAGEMENTPROTOCOLPSPPUBLIC WORKSQUALITY OF SERVICERAILRAIL INFRASTRUCTURERAIL NETWORKRAIL SECTORRAILWAYRAILWAY SECTORRAILWAY TRANSPORTRAILWAYSRECONSTRUCTIONREGIONAL TRANSPORTREGULATORY FRAMEWORKRELIABILITYRESULTRESULTSROADROAD ACCESSROAD ADMINISTRATIONROAD AGENCIESROAD AUTHORITIESROAD FUNDROAD FUND REVENUESROAD IMPROVEMENTROAD INFRASTRUCTUREROAD INVESTMENTROAD INVESTMENTSROAD LINKSROAD MAINTENANCEROAD MANAGEMENTROAD NETWORKROAD PROJECTSROAD SAFETYROAD SECTORROAD TRAFFICROAD TRANSPORTROAD USERROAD USER CHARGESROAD WIDTHROAD WORKSROADSROUTEROUTESRURAL ACCESSRURAL ACCESS ROADSRURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL ROADRURAL ROAD MAINTENANCERURAL ROAD NETWORKRURAL ROADSRURAL ROADS NETWORKSAFETY ISSUESSANITATIONSATELLITESELF-HELPSIGNSSITESSTATE HIGHWAYSTATE HIGHWAYSSTRUCTURESSUPERVISIONTECHNICAL DEPARTMENTSTECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTTELECOMTELECOMMUNICATIONTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKTELEPHONETELEPHONE LINESTELEPHONE SERVICESTELEPHONYTERTIARY ROAD NETWORKTIME FRAMETOLLTOLLSTRAFFICTRAFFIC ACCIDENTTRAFFIC LEVELSTRAFFIC SAFETYTRAFFIC SAFETY COUNCILTRAFFIC VOLUMETRAFFIC VOLUMESTRANSITTRANSMISSIONTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTTRANSPORT COSTSTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT POLICYTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION COSTSTRUNK ROADSUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNIVERSAL SERVICEUNIVERSAL SERVICESUNPAVED ROADSURBAN ROADSUSERSVEHICLEVEHICLE INSPECTIONVEHICLE LICENSE FEESVEHICLE OPERATINGVEHICLE OPERATING COSTSVEHICLESVOIPVOLUME OF TRAFFICWHITE PAPERWorld Bank10.1596/8027