Energy Sector Management Assistance Program2015-01-202015-01-202014-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21305Many cities of developing countries are experiencing rapid growth of motorized transportation. This is leading to severe congestion, which, in turn, is reducing productivity. Road accidents have been increasing. Transport emissions have become a major contributor to severe air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The main cause of these problems has been the increasing preference for personal motor vehicles for commuting to work and getting around the city. In many countries, urban development practices have worked in favor of such preference, leading to urban sprawl. Thus, remedial measures have to focus on reversing the preference for such modes of travel, shifting to public transport, cycling, or walking, and building and retrofitting cities to minimize the need for private automobiles. The objective of this guidance note is to present a systematic, practical, and comprehensive approach to dealing with the problems of urban transport. It outlines a framework of possible interventions and demonstrates how such interventions relate to the overall objectives of improving mobility and energy efficiency as well as reducing air pollution and road accidents. Thereafter, it highlights a range of cross-cutting issues that need to be addressed and also suggests steps to create an enabling environment to move towards a sustainable urban transport system. Its target audience is the city-level leadership and key decision makers responsible for sustainable urban mobility.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO PUBLIC TRANSITACCESSIBILITYAIRAIR POLLUTIONAIR QUALITYALTERNATIVE MODESAUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRYAVERAGE NUMBER OF TRIPSBICYCLE LANESBICYCLE PARKINGBICYCLE PARKING RACKSBICYCLESBRIDGESBUSBUS FLEETSBUS OPERATIONSBUS REPLACEMENTBUS SERVICESBUS SYSTEMBUS SYSTEMSBUSESBUSWAYSCAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCARCAR OWNERSHIPCARRYING CAPACITIESCARRYING CAPACITYCARSCITY BUSCLEANER FUELSCOMMUTINGCONGESTIONCONGESTION CHARGECONGESTION COSTCOST OF TRANSPORTCRASHESCYCLE TRACKCYCLE TRACKSCYCLINGDEMAND MANAGEMENTDIESELDRIVINGECONOMIC EFFICIENCYECONOMIES OF SCALEEFFICIENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMELECTRIC VEHICLESELECTRONIC ROAD PRICINGELEVATED VIADUCTSEMISSIONEMISSIONS STANDARDSENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSPORTENGINESENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSFARE COLLECTIONFARE COLLECTION SYSTEMSFARE INTEGRATIONFARESFEEDER SERVICESFLOOR AREAFLOOR AREA RATIOFLOOR SPACEFLOW OF TRAFFICFRAMEWORKFUELFUEL CONSUMPTIONFUEL COSTSFUEL ECONOMYFUEL EFFICIENCYFUEL QUALITYFUEL TAXFUEL TAXESGASOLINEGOOD URBAN TRANSPORTGRADIENTSGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSHIGH QUALITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTHIGHWAYSINCOMEINTERCHANGESINTERNATIONAL CRUDE OILINTERSECTIONINTERSECTION DESIGNINTERSECTIONSLAND TRANSPORTLAND TRANSPORT AUTHORITYLAND USELAND-USE PLANNINGLAND-USE POLICIESLIGHT RAILLIGHT RAIL SYSTEMLIGHT RAIL SYSTEMSLIVABLE CITIESLONG DISTANCESLONGER TRIPSLOW FARESMASS TRANSITMASS TRANSIT INVESTMENTSMASS TRANSIT STATIONSMASS TRANSIT SYSTEMMASS TRANSIT SYSTEMSMETRO NETWORKMETRO RAILMETRO SYSTEMMIXED USEMOBILITYMODAL SHIFTMODES OF TRANSPORTMODES OF TRAVELMOTOR VEHICLEMOTOR VEHICLE FUELMOTOR VEHICLE OWNERSHIPMOTOR VEHICLE USEMOTOR VEHICLE USERSMOTORIZED TRANSPORTNARROW STREETSOUTER RING ROADSPARKING FACILITIESPARKING FEESPASSENGERSPEDESTRIANPEDESTRIAN ACCESSPEDESTRIAN CROSSINGPEDESTRIAN ENVIRONMENTPEDESTRIAN WALKWAYSPEDESTRIAN ZONESPERSONAL MOTOR VEHICLEPERSONAL MOTOR VEHICLESPERSONAL VEHICLESPETROLEUM CONSUMPTIONPRIVATE AUTOMOBILESPRIVATE MOTOR VEHICLESPRIVATE OPERATORSPRIVATE SECTORPUBLICPUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSPORTPUBLIC TRANSPORT CAPACITYPUBLIC TRANSPORT FARESPUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKPUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICESPUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMPUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMSPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONRAIL NETWORKRAIL SYSTEMRAIL SYSTEMSRAPID TRANSITREGIONAL PLANNINGRIGHT OF WAYRING ROADSROADROAD ACCIDENTSROAD CAPACITYROAD PRICINGROAD SAFETYROAD SPACEROAD SURFACEROAD SYSTEMSROAD USEROAD USERROAD USER CHARGESROAD USER FEEROADSROUTEROUTESSAFE WALKINGSAFETYSIDEWALKSSPANSPEEDSPEEDSSTREETSSUSTAINABLE MOBILITYSUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTTAXTAXISTELECOMMUTINGTERRAINTOLLTOLLSTRAFFICTRAFFIC DEMANDTRAFFIC FLOWTRAFFIC LIGHTTRAFFIC LIGHTSTRANSIT INVESTMENTSTRANSIT STATIONSTRANSIT SYSTEMTRANSIT SYSTEMSTRANSIT TRIPSTRANSIT USETRANSPORT EMISSIONSTRANSPORT FACILITIESTRANSPORT IMPROVEMENTTRANSPORT INVESTMENTSTRANSPORT NETWORKSTRANSPORT PLANTRANSPORT PROBLEMSTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORT SERVICESTRANSPORT TERMINALSTRANSPORTATIONTRAVEL DEMANDTRAVEL DISTANCESTRAVEL OPTIONTRAVEL PATTERNSTRIPTRIP LENGTHTRIP LENGTHSTRIPSTRIPS PER CAPITATRUEUNDERGROUNDURBAN MOBILITYURBAN PLANNINGURBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTURBAN ROADSURBAN SPRAWLURBAN TRANSPORTURBAN TRANSPORT PLANURBAN TRANSPORT PLANNINGURBAN TRANSPORT POLICYURBAN TRANSPORT SERVICESURBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMURBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMSVEHICLEVEHICLE EFFICIENCYVEHICLE REGISTRATIONVEHICLE REGISTRATION FEESWALKINGWALKING ACCESS10.1596/21305