World Bank2012-03-192012-03-192010-06-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2870During most of the 2000s, Kosovo has pursued a highly conservative fiscal policy, restraining expenditures as revenues continued to climb. The Government has now shifted toward an expansionary expenditure policy. In the short term, the Government intends to finance the resulting budget deficits from accumulated savings and borrowing, as well as through the sale of assets and donor budget support. Neither solution is sustainable. In principle, there is room to increase revenues Kosovo's tax burden is low by regional standards. But the weakness of domestic tax instruments makes this difficult. Restraint on the expenditure side will be required. Given the well-documented shortcomings of public services in Kosovo, this will require an improvement in the quality of public expenditure an improvement in the efficiency of public service delivery rather than a reduction in the quantity or quality of services. This report looks for such opportunities in the major programs of Government expenditure. Overall, Kosovo is in a position to maintain a sustainable fiscal stance while continuing to improve the quality of public services. The public sector is small, relative to gross domestic product (GDP), and does not bear a crushing burden of long term obligations to pensioners, to veterans, to creditors that threaten the finances of neighboring countries.CC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC YEARACADEMIC YEARSACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATIONACCREDITATIONADVANCED DEGREESAGE COHORTASSOCIATE PROFESSORAVERAGE CLASS SIZEBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC EDUCATION LEVELBASIC SCHOOL TEACHERSBASIC SCHOOLSBASIS OF ENROLLMENTBIRTH RATEBIRTH RATESBUDGET FOR EDUCATIONCAMPAIGNSCAPITAL EXPENDITURESCARE CENTERSCAREERCAREER DEVELOPMENTCAREER LADDERCHILDRENCLASS SIZESCLASSROOMCLASSROOM TEACHINGCLASSROOMSCLINICSCOLLEGESCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMPULSORY EDUCATIONCOSTS OF EDUCATIONCURRICULUMDEBT SERVICEDECISION MAKINGDIABETESDONOR SUPPORTDROPOUT RATEDROPOUT RATESEDUCATION BUDGETEDUCATION OFFICIALSEDUCATION PROJECTSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SPENDINGEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONSENROLLMENT CAPACITIESENROLLMENT DATAENROLLMENT FIGURESENROLLMENT LEVELSENROLLMENT RATEENROLLMENT RATESETHNIC MINORITIESEVALUATION OF EDUCATIONEXPENDITURESFACULTYFACULTY OF EDUCATIONFAMILIESFEE WAIVERSFINANCIAL AUDITSFOOD PREPARATIONFORMULA FUNDINGGENERAL EDUCATIONGIRLSGRADE LEVELSGRADE TEACHINGGRANTSGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATEGROUPSGROWTH IN ENROLLMENTHEALTHHEALTH FOR ALLHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH MANAGEMENTHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH SERVICESHIGH PUPIL TEACHER RATIOSHIGH SCHOOLHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENTHOSPITAL ADMISSIONHOSPITALSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTIMMUNIZATIONIMPLEMENTATIONINFORMATION SYSTEMSINSTITUTESINSTRUCTIONINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSINVESTMENTKNOWLEDGELABOR FORCELANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTIONLEADERSHIPLECTURERSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLOWER SECONDARY LEVELMEASLESMEDICAL TREATMENTMEDICINESMIGRATIONMINISTRIESMINISTRIES OF FINANCEMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMORBIDITYMORTALITYMUNICIPAL SCHOOLSNET ENROLLMENTNET ENROLLMENT RATENEWSPAPERSNUMBER OF STUDENTSNUMBER OF TEACHERSNURSESNUTRITIONOUTPATIENT CAREPARTICIPATIONPATIENTPATIENTSPHYSICIANSPOLLUTIONPREPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRESCHOOL EDUCATIONPREVENTIONPRIMARY ENROLLMENTPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL AGEPRIMARY SCHOOL AGE POPULATIONPRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERSPRIVATE EDUCATIONPRIVATE EDUCATION SECTORPRIVATE INSTITUTIONSPRIVATE SECTOR PROVIDERSPRIVATE TERTIARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONSPROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENTPROFESSIONAL SCHOOLSPROFESSORSPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURESPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC SCHOOLPUBLIC UNIVERSITYPUPIL SPENDINGPUPIL TEACHER RATIOPUPIL TEACHER RATIOSPUPIL-TEACHER RATIOPUPIL-TEACHER RATIOSRISKSRURAL AREASRURAL CHILDRENRURAL SCHOOLSRURAL STUDENTSSALARY INCREASESSATELLITE SCHOOLSSCHOOLSCHOOL AGE CHILDRENSCHOOL AUTONOMYSCHOOL BUILDINGSSCHOOL CONSTRUCTIONSCHOOL DATASCHOOL ENROLLMENTSCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL NETWORKSCHOOL READINESSSCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOL TEACHINGSCHOOL YEARSCHOOL YEARSSCIENCESECOND LANGUAGESECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOLSSICK LEAVESKILLED LABORSKILLED WORKERSSKILLSSMALL SCHOOLSSMOKINGSOCIAL WELFARESTRATEGYSTUDENTSTUDENT BODYSTUDENT DATASTUDENT DEMANDSTUDENT DROPOUTSTUDENT POPULATIONSTUDENTSTEACHERTEACHER SALARIESTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING ASSISTANTSTEACHING FORCETERTIARY EDUCATIONTERTIARY EDUCATION SECTORTRAININGTUITIONTUITION FEESTUITION SUBSIDIESUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATEUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY COSTSUNIVERSITY DEGREEUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONUNIVERSITY GRADUATESUNIVERSITY PROFESSORSUNIVERSITY STAFFURBAN SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMSVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSWASTEWORKERSWORKPLACEWorld Bank10.1596/2870