World Bank2013-02-252013-02-252008-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12500In 2007-08 Da Afghanistan Bank (DAB), the central bank of Afghanistan, was in the process of reforming the financial sector. While some considerable advances have been made with respect to basic legislation, some central banking reform, the introduction of new currency, and the beginnings of a microfinance sector, much work still remains to be done. These case studies examine the experience of the following five different groups of financial market participants operating in Afghanistan: reputable private investors; small and medium entrepreneurs; BRAC, a microfinance institution; Kabul Bank, a fast growing commercial bank; and Bank Millie, a state-owned bank. The examination of each institution will address the factors that have facilitated expansion and the constraints it has faced in further expanding financial services. This report also analyses the constraints and opportunities that are common to one, several or all of these financial market participants, and concludes with recommendations from the perspectives of these institutions.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO BANKACCESS TO BANKINGACCESS TO BANKING SERVICESACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICESACCOUNTINGAMOUNTS OF COLLATERALAUDITINGBANK ACCOUNTBANK CREDITBANK FINANCINGBANK LOANBANK LOANSBANK OPERATIONBANKING EXPERTSBANKING NETWORKBANKING REFORMBANKING SECTORBANKING SUPERVISIONBANKING SYSTEMBANKING SYSTEMSBANKRUPTBIDBORROWERBUSINESS EXPANSIONBUSINESS OPPORTUNITIESBUSINESS TRANSACTIONCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPITAL LOANSCAPITAL NEEDSCAPITAL SHORTAGESCASH FLOWCASH FLOWSCENTRAL BANKCENTRAL BANKINGCHECKSCOLLATERALCOLLATERAL REGISTRATIONCOLLATERALSCOMMERCIAL BANKCOMMERCIAL BANKERSCOMMERCIAL BANKINGCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMMERCIAL COURTSCORPORATE GOVERNANCECOST OF LOANSCOURT SYSTEMCREDIT GUARANTEECREDIT INFORMATIONCREDIT INFORMATION BUREAUCREDIT OFFICERSCREDIT RECORDCREDIT RELATIONSHIPCREDIT RELATIONSHIPSCREDIT RISKCREDIT UNIONCURRENCYDEFERRED PAYMENTDEMAND FOR CREDITDEPOSITDEPOSIT PROTECTIONDEPOSITSDUE DILIGENCEEARNINGSECONOMIC GROWTHEMPLOYEEEMPLOYMENTENABLING ENVIRONMENTENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENTENTREPRENEURENTREPRENEURSEXTERNAL FINANCINGFINANCE COMPANYFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONFINANCIAL LAWSFINANCIAL MARKETFINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTSFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL NEEDSFINANCIAL PERFORMANCEFINANCIAL SECTOR POLICYFINANCIAL SERVICEFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFINANCIAL TRANSACTIONSFOREIGN GOVERNMENTFORMAL BANKINGFORMAL BANKING SYSTEMFORMAL FINANCIAL SECTORGOOD CREDITHIGH INTEREST RATESHOLDINGHOUSINGHOUSING LOANSHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESINCOMEINCOME GROUPSINDIVIDUAL BANKSINFORMATION SHARINGINSTALLMENTINSTALLMENTSINTEREST RATEINTEREST RATESINTERNAL FUNDSINTERNATIONAL BANKINGINVESTMENT CAPITALINVESTMENT CLIMATELACK OF ACCESSLAWSLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGAL RIGHTSLEGISLATIONLENDERSLENDING PORTFOLIOLIMITED ACCESSLIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCELIQUIDITYLOAN AMOUNTLOAN PORTFOLIOLOAN SIZELOCAL CAPACITYLOCAL MARKETLONG-TERM LOANSMAJORITY OF SHARESMFIMFISMICROFINANCEMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONSMICROFINANCE SECTORMONEY LENDERSMORTGAGEMORTGAGE LAWMORTGAGE LAWSNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTSNET PROFITNEW ENTRANTSNON-PERFORMING LOANSOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYOUTREACHOUTSTANDING LOANSPRICE RISKSPRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKSPRIVATE INVESTORSPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPROFITABILITYPROFITABLE BUSINESSPRUDENTIAL REGULATIONSREAL ESTATEREAL ESTATE ASSETSRESTRUCTURING PROCESSRISK ASSESSMENTSSALARYSAVINGSSMALL BORROWERSSMALL BUSINESSSMALL BUSINESSESSMALL ENTERPRISESOLVENCYSOLVENCY PROBLEMSSPECIALIZED BANKSSUPERVISORY FRAMEWORKSUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTTAXTRADE CREDITTRADE FINANCINGTRADINGTRADING ACTIVITIESTRAINING OF JUDGESTRANSACTION LAWTURNOVERURBAN AREASWAGESWEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCEWORKING CAPITALWorld Bank10.1596/12500