Moro, AndreaNopo, HugoChong, AlbertoNopo, HugoChong, AlbertoMoro, Andrea2012-03-192012-03-192010978-0-8213-7835-9https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2694The chapters presented in this volume adopt a variety of these methodological tools in order to explore the extent to which discrimination against women and demographic minorities is pervasive in Latin America. In chapter two, Castillo, Petrie, and Torero present a series of experiments to understand the nature of discrimination in urban Lima, Peru. They design and apply experiments that exploit degrees of information on performance as a way to assess how personal characteristics affect how people sort into groups. Along similar lines, in chapter three, Cardenas and his research team use an experimental field approach in Colombia to better understand pro-social preferences and behavior of both individuals involved in the provision of social services (public servants) and potential beneficiaries of those services (the poor). In chapter four, Elias, Elias, and Ronconi try to understand social status and race during adolescence in Argentina. They asked high school students to select and rank ten classmates with whom they would like to form a team and use this information to construct a measure of popularity. In chapters five and six, Bravo, Sanhueza, and Urzua present two studies covering different aspects of the labor market using different methodological tools. Based on an audit study by mail, their first study attempts to detect gender, social class, and neighborhood of residence discrimination in hiring practices by Chilean fir. In a second study, they use a structural model to analyze gender differences in the Chilean labor market. In chapter seven, Soruco, Piani, and Rossi measure and analyze possible discriminatory behaviors against international emigrants and their families remaining in southern Ecuador (the city of Cuenca and the rural canton of San Fernando). Finally, in chapter eight, Gandelman, Gandelman, and Rothschild use micro data on judicial proceedings in Uruguay and present evidence that female defendants receive a more favorable treatment in courts than male defendants.La discriminación es un proceso que puede ocurrir en distintas circunstancias o mercados y basarse en diferentes características tales como la raza, el grupo étnico o el género. Los capítulos del presente libro presentan una variedad de intentos por detectar y medir la discriminación contra la mujer y las minorías demográficas en América Latina e identificar algunos de los mecanismos a través de los cuales ésta tiene lugar. Se adoptan una variedad de herramientas metodológicas para explorar el grado de penetración de la discriminación como el análisis de regresión, las pruebas de mercado, los experimentos, los estudios de auditoría y los métodos estructurales. El conjunto de evidencia aquí presentado es diverso. Si bien muchos resultados parecen estar de acuerdo con las creencias y percepciones populares del latinoamericano promedio, otros cuestionan estas opiniones y sugieren diferentes vías a través de las cuales puede ocurrir la discriminación. El grado al cual alguna de esta evidencia construida científicamente cuestiona las percepciones populares, crea una oportunidad ad para una discusión fructífera sobre la discriminación y sus mecanismos en América Latina.CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOABSTINENCEACCESSIBILITYADOLESCENTSAFFIRMATIVE ACTIONAFRO DESCENDANTSANECDOTAL EVIDENCEBIASESBLACKBLACK-WHITEBLACKSBULLETINCENTER FOR DEVELOPMENTCHILD CARECITIZENSCIVIL RIGHTSCLASSIFICATION OF RACECONFLICTCOURTSCULTURAL CHANGEDEBATEDEMOCRACYDEMOGRAPHIC FACTORSDEMOGRAPHIC GROUPDEMOGRAPHIC GROUPSDESCENTDIFFERENTIAL OUTCOMESDISABILITYDISCRIMINATIONDISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMENDISCRIMINATORY ATTITUDESDISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIORDISCRIMINATORY PRACTICESDISSEMINATIONDIVERSE POPULATIONDOMINANT CULTUREEARLY CHILDHOODECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC CONDITIONECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC DISADVANTAGEECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC POWERELDERLYEMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATIONEQUAL OPPORTUNITYETHNIC BACKGROUNDETHNIC COMPOSITIONETHNIC DISCRIMINATIONETHNIC MINORITIESETHNIC ORIGINEX-COMBATANTSFAIRNESSFAMILIESFAMILY INCOMEFAMILY MEMBERSFAMILY SIZEFEMALEFEMALE WORKERSFEMALESGENDERGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER DIFFERENTIALSGENDER DISCRIMINATIONGENDER GAPGENDER GAPSGIRLSGROUP BEHAVIORGROUP INEQUALITYGROUP MEMBERSGROUP MEMBERSHIPHETEROGENEITYHOMEHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DIGNITYHUMAN POTENTIALHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONSHUMANITYINCOME INEQUALITYINDIGENOUS GROUPSINDIGENOUS MENINDIGENOUS PEOPLESINDIGENOUS POPULATIONINEQUALITIESINEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIESINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEINTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONJOB CREATIONJOBSJUDGESLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLACK OF INFORMATIONLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF POVERTYLIMITED RESOURCESLIVING CONDITIONSMARGINALIZATIONMIGRANTMIGRANTSMIGRATION STATUSMINORITIESMINORITYMOTHERMUTUAL RESPECTNATIONALITYNATURAL ENVIRONMENTNATURAL RESOURCESNUTRITIONPHYSICAL APPEARANCEPLACE OF RESIDENCEPOLICY ANALYSISPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOPULATION CENSUSPOSITIVE DISCRIMINATIONPOSTSECONDARY EDUCATIONPREFERENTIAL TREATMENTPREJUDICEPREJUDICESPRODUCTIVITYQUALITY EDUCATIONRACERACE DISCRIMINATIONRACIAL BIASRACIAL CHARACTERISTICSRACIAL CLASSIFICATIONRACIAL DIMENSIONRACIAL DIMENSIONSRACIAL DISCRIMINATIONRACIAL DIVERSITYRACIAL GROUPRACIAL GROUPSRACIAL STEREOTYPESRACISMRACISTRACIST ATTITUDESREMITTANCESRESPECTRURAL AREASSCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOLSSCIENTIFIC EVIDENCESEA LEVELSEGREGATIONSEXSEX DISCRIMINATIONSEX DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMENSKILL LEVELSKIN COLORSOCIAL BARRIERSSOCIAL BEHAVIORSOCIAL CLASSSOCIAL CONDITIONSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DISCRIMINATIONSOCIAL EXCLUSIONSOCIAL INCLUSIONSOCIAL INTEGRATIONSOCIAL ISSUESSOCIAL ORIGINSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL SCIENCESSOCIAL SCIENTISTSSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL STATUSSOCIAL STRUCTURESOCIETIESSOCIETYSOCIOECONOMIC FACTORSSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSTATE UNIVERSITYSTEREOTYPINGUNEMPLOYMENTUNEQUAL DISTRIBUTIONUNEQUAL TREATMENTUNITED NATIONSURBAN POPULATIONVICIOUS CYCLEVICTIMSVULNERABILITYWAGE DISCRIMINATIONWAGE INEQUALITYWHITESWILLWOMANWORKING POPULATIONWORTHYOUNG AGEInter-American Development Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7835-9