World Bank2013-07-292013-07-292003-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/14645The present report evaluates the Iranian pension system and proposes a series o f policy interventions to improve outreach, financing mechanisms, incentives, equity, and management. It has been prepared at the request o f the Management and Planning Organization. Given data constraints, the analysis concentrates primarily on the Social Security Organization and the Civil Servants Retirement Organization, the two main pension funds. Occupational funds and non- contributory regimes are surveyed only briefly. The need to look more closely at these schemes in the near future i s emphasized. The report i s organized in eight sections. Section 1 presents the background o f the study. Section 2 provides a general overview o f the Iranian pension system. Sections 3 and 4 present detailed assessments of the Social Security Organization and the Civil Servants Retirement Organization. Section 5 concentrates on the tax treatment o f retirement savings. Section 6 proposes a framework for guiding pension reform, presents a typology o f pension mechanisms, and reviews international experiences. On the basis o f this framework, Section 7 outlines strategic directions for reforming the Iranian pension system and analyzes the financial and fiscal implications. Finally, Section 8 discusses the political economy o f pension reform and recommends necessary steps for the design and implementation o f a successful reform program.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTABILITYACCRUAL RATESACCUMULATION PERIODACTUARIESANNUITIESAUDITINGAUDITSBALANCE SHEETSBENEFICIARIESBENEFIT FORMULACAPITALIZATIONCIVIL SERVICECONTINGENT LIABILITIESCONTRACTUAL SAVINGSCONTRIBUTION RATECONTRIBUTION RATESCONTRIBUTORY SYSTEMSCOVERAGECURRENT ASSETSDEBTDEFINED CONTRIBUTIONSDEVELOPMENT POLICIESEARLY RETIREMENT PROGRAMSECONOMIC COOPERATIONECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC SECTORSEXCHANGE RATEEXPENDITURESFIDUCIARYFIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIESFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL SECTORFISCAL POLICYFISCAL YEARFULL-CAREER WORKERGDPGDP PER CAPITAGOVERNMENT BONDSGROSS EARNINGSGROWTH RATEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINCOMEINDEXATIONINDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTSINSURANCEINSURANCE SYSTEMINTEREST RATELABOR FORCELABOR MARKETSLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLIFE EXPECTANCIESLIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE INSURANCELIFETIME EARNINGSLIQUIDITYMACROECONOMIC CONDITIONSMANDATESMANDATORY SAVINGSMARKET DISTORTIONSMARKET POWERNEW ENTRANTSPAYOUT PERIODPENSION FUNDPENSION FUNDSPENSION LIABILITIESPENSION PLANSPENSION REFORMPENSION REFORMSPENSION SCHEMESPENSION SYSTEMPENSION SYSTEMSPENSIONERSPOLICY INSTRUMENTSPOLITICAL ECONOMYPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROFITABILITYPUBLIC DEBTPUBLIC ENTERPRISESPUBLIC SYSTEMPURCHASING POWERREPLACEMENT RATEREPLACEMENT RATESRESERVESRETIREESRETIREMENTRETIREMENT AGERETIREMENT AGESRETIREMENT PLANSRETIREMENT SAVINGSSAVINGSSAVINGS ACCOUNTSSAVINGS SCHEMESSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SECURITYSUPERVISORY FRAMEWORKSUPERVISORY INFRASTRUCTURESURVIVOR BENEFITSSURVIVOR PENSIONSSUSTAINABILITYTAX TREATMENTTRANSFERRED ASSETSUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCEUNEMPLOYMENT RATESVALUATIONWAGE HISTORIESWAGES PENSION SYSTEMSOUTREACH ACTIVITIESFINANCING PROGRAMSINCENTIVESEQUITY OBJECTIVESPENSION FUND MANAGEMENTSOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEMSRETIREMENT PROGRAMSPENSION REFORMPENSION FUNDS TAXATIONCIVIL SERVICE PENSIONSCIVIL SERVICE PENSIONS INVESTMENTS ADMINISTRATIONPENSION COVERAGERATES OF RETURNWORKERS PENSION CONTRIBUTIONSRISK ALLOCATIONMANDATORY SAVING PROGRAMSGOVERNANCE CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYSAVINGS PROMOTIONWorld Bank10.1596/14645