Binswanger-Mkhize, Hans P.De Regt, Jacomina P.Spector, Stephen2012-03-192012-03-192010978-0-8213-8194-6https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2418Services are failing poor urban and rural people in the developing world, and poverty remains concentrated in rural areas and urban slums. This state of affairs prevails despite prolonged efforts by many governments to improve rural and urban services and development programs. This book focuses on how communities and local governments can be empowered to contribute to their own development and, in the process, improve infrastructure, governance, services, and economic and social development, that is, ultimately, the broad range of activities for sustainable poverty reduction. Countries and their development partners have been trying to involve communities and local governments in their own development since the end of Second World War, when the first colonies gained independence in South Asia. Pioneers in both India and Bangladesh (then a part of Pakistan) developed a clear vision of how it will be done: local development should be planned and managed by local citizens, their communities, and their local governments within a clearly defined decentralized framework that devolves real power and resources to local governments and communities. Capacity support will be provided by technical institutions and sectors and nongovernmental institutions.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEMSACTION PLANAGRICULTURAL RESEARCHAGRICULTUREALLOCATION OF RESPONSIBILITIESASSISTANCE STRATEGYAUDITSAUTONOMYBROAD RANGE OF ACTIVITIESBROAD RANGE OF STAKEHOLDERSCAPCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPITALSCENTRAL GOVERNMENTSCITIZENSCIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCLINICSCOMMUNAL AREAS MANAGEMENTCOMMUNITY ACTIONCOMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONSCOMMUNITY CONSULTATIONCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTSCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT WORKERSCOMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY EMPOWERMENTCOMMUNITY GROUPSCOMMUNITY INVESTMENTCOMMUNITY INVOLVEMENTCOMMUNITY LEADERSCOMMUNITY LEVELCOMMUNITY MANAGEMENTCOMMUNITY MEMBERSCOMMUNITY OWNERSHIPCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONCOMMUNITY PROJECTSCOMMUNITY ROLESCOMMUNITY STRUCTURECOMMUNITY SUBPROJECTSCOMMUNITY SUPPORTCOMMUNITY WATER SUPPLYCOMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENTCONSOLIDATIONCONSULTATIVE GROUPCONTRIBUTIONSDEBTDECONCENTRATIONDESCRIPTIONDEVELOPMENT AGENCIESDEVELOPMENT AGENDASDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT BANKSDEVELOPMENT COMMUNITYDEVELOPMENT PROCESSDEVOLUTIONDIRECT FINANCINGDISTRIBUTION OF INCOMEDISTRICT OFFICIALSDISTRICTSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEMPLOYMENTEMPOWERMENTEQUALITYFACILITATORSFIELD TESTINGFINANCESFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL REFORMFISCAL CONDITIONSGOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONSHEALTH CAREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHOUSINGHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORKINFLATIONINHABITANTSINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENTINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATIONIRRIGATION ASSOCIATIONSLABOR MARKETLAND DEVELOPMENTLAND REFORMLAWSLESSONS LEARNEDLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL COMMUNITYLOCAL DEVELOPMENTLOCAL EMPOWERMENTLOCAL GOVERNANCELOCAL GOVERNMENTLOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONSLOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURESLOCAL GOVERNMENTSLOCAL INSTITUTIONSLOCAL LANGUAGESLOCAL PEOPLELOCALITIESMANAGEMENT TRAININGMARGINALIZED GROUPSMICROFINANCEMINISTRIES OF FINANCEMUNICIPALITIESNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNEIGHBORHOODSNGONONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSNUTRITIONO&MORGANIZATIONAL STRENGTHOUTREACHPANCHAYATSPARTICIPATORY APPROACHESPARTICIPATORY ASSESSMENTPARTICIPATORY PROCESSESPILOT PROJECTSPOLICY DIALOGUEPOLITICAL DECENTRALIZATIONPOLITICAL OPPOSITIONPOLITICAL SUPPORTPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPROCUREMENTPROCUREMENT PROCEDURESPROJECT EVALUATIONPROJECT IMPLEMENTATIONPUBLIC PARTICIPATIONPUBLIC POLICYREGIONAL DEVELOPMENTROADSRURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL PEOPLESAFETYSAVINGSSLUMSSOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITYSOCIAL ACTIONSOCIAL CAPITALSOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENTSOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSSOCIAL FUNDSSOCIAL INCLUSIONSOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL POLICYSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SAFETY NETSSOCIAL SECTORSSOCIAL SERVICESOCIALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUBSIDIARYSUSTAINABILITYTARGETED PROGRAMSTRAINING COURSESTRUST FUNDSURBAN AREASURBAN SERVICESVILLAGE COMMUNITIESVILLAGE LEVELVILLAGESWATER RESOURCESWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-8194-6