Environmental Resources Management2014-02-102014-02-102009-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16963The overall goal of the decommissioning of oil fields and mines initiative (the 'Initiative') is, in keeping with World Bank policy, to promote sustainable development by assisting governments to undertake and engage in earlier and more systematic, comprehensive, and responsive planning of the decommissioning and closure of mining and oil and gas production operations, as well as more effective implementation. The target audience for this Initiative are the governments of resource-rich countries, specifically the regulatory authorities, institutions, and ministries responsible for: administering mineral resource and oil and gas extraction contracts; issuing environmental permits for exploration, exploitation, and closure; and ensuring that legal, financial and technical measures are in place to address temporary shutdowns as well as complete closure and decommissioning at the end of the productive life of oil and gas and mining operations. This issues paper compiles findings of the first step of the Initiative. It is organized as: section one is an introduction. Section two presents the key trends and challenges faced by both the mining and oil and gas industries in decommissioning operations that have reached the end of their life cycle. Section three organizes findings and issues around what are believed to represent core components of a practical, effective in-country approach to addressing decommissioning and closure needs; and section four identifies next steps.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACID ROCK DRAINAGEAPPROACHARTIFICIAL REEFSARTISANAL MININGAUDITSAVAILABILITYBALANCEBIOLOGICAL TREATMENTCLIMATE CHANGECLOSURECLOSURE COSTSCLOSURE PLANCLOSURE PLANNINGCLOSURE PLANSCOMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETYCONCESSIONCONSTRUCTIONCONTAMINATED SOILCOPPERCORE DRILLINGCYANIDEDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDRILLINGECONOMIC CONSEQUENCESECONOMIC IMPACTECONOMIC VALUEECONOMICSECONOMISTSEFFLUENTSEITIEMISSIONSENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATIONENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCEENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATIONENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCESENVIRONMENTSEXPLOITATIONEXPLOITATION LICENSESEXPLORATION ACTIVITIESEXPLORATION LICENSEEXPLORATION RESULTSEXTRACTIVE COMPANIESEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIESEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVEEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRY REVIEWEXTRACTIVE OPERATIONSEXTRACTIVE SECTORFIELD EQUIPMENTFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISHINGGASGAS BUSINESSGAS COMPANIESGAS DEVELOPMENTGAS EXTRACTIONGAS FACILITIESGAS FIELDSGAS INDUSTRIESGAS INDUSTRYGAS OPERATIONSGAS PRICEGAS PRODUCERSGAS PROJECTSGAS RESOURCESGAS SECTORSGEOLOGICAL SURVEYSGEOPHYSICAL STUDIESGLOBAL OIL PRODUCTIONGOLDGOLD MININGGOLD MINING OPERATIONSGROUNDWATERHEALTH AND SAFETYHEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUESHEAVY METALSHYDROCARBON SECTORHYDROCARBONSHYDROCARBONS SECTORILLEGAL MININGIMPACT ASSESSMENTSINDUSTRIAL MINERALSINDUSTRIAL SITESINTERNATIONAL CYANIDE MANAGEMENT CODEINTERNATIONAL MININGLAND RECLAMATIONLAND REHABILITATIONLAND USELARGE-SCALE MININGMARINE ENVIRONMENTMERCURYMETALSMINE CLOSUREMINE CLOSURE POLICYMINE CLOSURE STRATEGIESMINE DEVELOPMENTMINE OPERATIONMINE OPERATORMINE OPERATORSMINE RECLAMATIONMINE SITESMINERALMINERAL DEPOSITSMINERAL DEVELOPMENTMINERAL EXPLOITATIONMINERAL EXPLORATIONMINERAL OPERATIONSMINERAL RESOURCEMINERAL RESOURCESMINERALSMINERALS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTMINESMINING ACTIVITIESMINING AND MINERALSMINING ASSOCIATIONSMINING AUTHORITYMINING COMPANIESMINING COMPANYMINING INDUSTRYMINING INFRASTRUCTUREMINING LICENSEMINING LICENSESMINING OPERATIONMINING OPERATIONSMINING OPERATORMINING PROJECTMINING PROJECTSMINING REGULATIONMINING SECTORMMSDNATIONAL OILNATIONAL OIL COMPANIESNATURAL GASOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETYOFFSHORE INSTALLATIONSOILOIL & GASOIL & GAS SECTOROIL AND GASOIL AND GAS PRODUCTIONOIL AND GAS SECTOROIL COMPANIESOIL FIELDSOIL PRODUCTIONONSHORE FACILITIESOVERGRAZINGPETROLEUMPETROLEUM CORPORATIONPETROLEUM INDUSTRYPETROLEUM PRODUCINGPETROLEUM PRODUCING COUNTRIESPETROLEUM PRODUCTIONPETROLEUM SECTORPOST CLOSUREPOST-CLOSUREPOST-CLOSURE MONITORINGPOWERPOWER GENERATIONPRECIOUS METALSPRICE OF OILPRIVATE SECTORPRODUCERSPRODUCTION OPERATIONSPROSPECTINGPUBLIC HEALTHRECLAMATIONRECLAMATION COSTSRECOVERABLE RESERVESRECYCLINGREFININGREGULATORY APPROVALREGULATORY OVERSIGHTREMOVAL OF EQUIPMENTRESERVOIRRESERVOIRSRESOURCE EXTRACTIONRESOURCE MANAGEMENTRESOURCE-RICH COUNTRIESREVENUE MANAGEMENTREVENUES FROM OILRISK MANAGEMENTROYALTYSAFEGUARD POLICIESSECURITIESSELENIUMSHALLOW WATERSSOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTSTEELSTREAMSSURFACE WATERSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTAILINGSTAILINGS IMPOUNDMENTSTECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONSWASTE MANAGEMENTWASTE ROCKWASTE STREAMSWASTEWATERWELLShttps://doi.org/10.1596/16963