Henderson, J. VernonStoreygard, AdamDeichmann, Uwe2014-06-252014-06-252014-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18757This paper documents a significant impact of climate variation on urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa, primarily in more arid countries. By lowering farm incomes, reduced moisture availability encourages migration to nearby cities, while wetter conditions slow migration. The paper also provides evidence for rural-urban income links. In countries with a larger industrial base, reduced moisture shrinks the agricultural sector and raises total incomes in nearby cities. However, if local cities are entirely dependent on servicing agriculture so their fortunes move with those of agriculture, reduced moisture tends to reduce local urban incomes. Finally, the paper shows that climate induces employment changes within the rural sector itself. Drier conditions induce a shift out of farm activities, especially for women, into non-farm activities, and especially out of the workforce. Overall, these findings imply a strong link between climate and urbanization in Africa.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADVERSE CLIMATEAIRAIR TEMPERATUREALLOCATIONAMOUNT OF RAINFALLARID CLIMATESAVERAGE RAINFALLBASESCENSUSESCHANGES IN DEMANDCHANNELSCITY POPULATIONCIVIL WARCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONCLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIESCLIMATE CHANGE DISCUSSIONCLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSCLIMATE CHANGESCLIMATE CONDITIONSCLIMATE DATACLIMATE EFFECTSCLIMATE EXTREMESCLIMATE FACTORSCLIMATE FLUCTUATIONSCLIMATE IMPACTCLIMATE IMPACT RESEARCHCLIMATE IMPACTSCLIMATE INDICATORSCLIMATE MODELSCLIMATE SCENARIOSCLIMATE SCIENTISTSCLIMATE TRENDSCLIMATE UNCERTAINTYCLIMATE VARIABILITYCLIMATIC CHANGECLIMATIC CONDITIONSCLIMATIC RESEARCHCLIMATIC VARIABILITYCLIMATOLOGISTSCONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE VARIABILITYCONVERGENCEDEMAND FOR SERVICESDESERTIFICATIONDESERTSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT POLICYDIVERGENCEDROUGHTEARLY CHILDHOODECOLOGICAL ECONOMICSECONOMIC DATAECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTSECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATEECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEECONOMIC SECTORSEFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGEELECTRICITYEMISSIONEMISSION SCENARIOSENVIRONMENTAL CHANGEENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICSESTIMATES OF CLIMATE CHANGEEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONEXPORTEXTREME EVENTSFARMERSFARMINGFERTILITYFERTILITY RATESFINANCIAL SUPPORTFLOODSFOOD SECURITYFORESTFUTURE CLIMATE CHANGEGASGAS FLARINGGLOBAL AVERAGE TEMPERATUREGLOBAL CLIMATEGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGEGLOBAL DEVELOPMENTGLOBAL WARMINGGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASESHOUSEHOLD DYNAMICSHOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIESHOUSEHOLD WORKHUMAN CAPITALICEIMPACT OF CLIMATEIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGEIMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITYIMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIATIONIMPACT OF RAINFALLIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEINCOMEINDUSTRIALIZATIONINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEINTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONJOBSLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR SUPPLYLAND OWNERSHIPLAND TENURELOCAL DISTRIBUTIONMALE LABOR FORCEMARITAL STATUSMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMOISTUREMONSOONSNATIONAL LEVELNATURAL GASNATURAL RESOURCENEGATIVE IMPACTSNEGATIVE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGENUMBER OF CHILDRENOCEAN TEMPERATURESPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOMESPETPHPLANT GROWTHPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOPULATION ASSOCIATIONPOPULATION DATAPOPULATION DECLINESPOPULATION EFFECTPOPULOUS COUNTRYPRECIPITATIONPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMATE CITYPROGRESSPUBLIC SERVICESPULL FACTORSPUSH FACTORSRAINRAINFALLRAINFALL ANOMALIESRAINFALL CLIMATOLOGYRAINFALL DEFICITSRAINFALL EFFECTSRAINFALL FLUCTUATIONSRAINFALL UNCERTAINTYRAINFALL VARIATIONREGIONAL CLIMATEREGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGEREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHRESOURCE ECONOMICSRESPECTRURAL AREASRURAL INFRASTRUCTURERURAL POPULATIONRURAL POPULATION GROWTHRURAL PRODUCTIONRURAL RESIDENTSSCIENCESSEASEA LEVELSEASONSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSOILSSUMMER TEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURE DATATEMPERATURE EFFECTSTEMPERATURE VARIABILITYTOTAL DEMANDTROPICSUNEPURBAN AREASURBAN DEVELOPMENTURBAN MIGRATIONURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POPULATION GROWTHURBANIZATIONUTILITY FUNCTIONUTILITY FUNCTIONSVULNERABILITYWARSWATER CYCLEWINDOW OF OPPORTUNITYWORKFORCE10.1596/1813-9450-6925