Shahabudin McDoom, Omar2017-06-212017-06-212011-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27312This report aims to assess the steps taken during Rwanda's transition following the genocide against the objective of the long-term durability of domestic peace. Its principal conclusion is that peace is most likely to endure if Rwanda's political space is gradually opened up to allow: (i) Rwanda's formal state institutions to establish greater autonomy from the current regime; and (ii) Rwandan political and civil society, its political opposition and media in particular, to evolve as mature and independent counterweights to the ruling party. Incremental political liberalization will encourage an important shift in Rwanda's political culture to one which encouraged accountability for the subordination of institutional rules to personal, party, or ethnic interests. It falls on the regime to show the way forward to Rwanda's civil and political society by demonstrating its tolerance for genuine political pluralism, dissent, and inclusion. It is in the regime's long-term strategic self-interest to encourage such a change in political culture and increase its legitimacy in order to discourage attempts to bring about regime change extra-constitutionally.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABUSEACCOUNTABILITYAMBASSADORARMED FORCESASYLUMATROCITIESBALANCE OF POWERBANKSBATTLEBOUNDARYBUREAUCRATIC EFFICIENCYBUSINESSMENCANDIDATESCENSORSHIPCITIZENCITIZENSCIVIL LIBERTIESCIVIL RIGHTSCIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL WARCIVIL WARSCOALITION GOVERNMENTSCOLLAPSECOLONIALISMCOMBATANTSCOMMON MARKETCOMMUNITY LEADERSCOMMUNITY SERVICECOMPLAINTCONFIDENCECONFLICTCONFLICTSCONSTRAINTCORRUPTIONCOUNTERPARTSCRIMECRIMINALDEATHSDEFENCEDEMOCRACIESDEMOCRACYDEMOCRATIC ELECTIONSDEMOGRAPHIC PRESSUREDEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURESDEPENDENCEDISCRETIONDISCRIMINATIONDISENGAGEMENTDISPLACEMENT CAMPDUE PROCESSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC OPPORTUNITYECONOMIC PROGRESSECONOMIC PROSPERITYECONOMIC TRANSITIONEDUCATIONAL INEQUALITYELECTIONELECTIONSETHICSETHNIC CLEANSINGETHNIC DISCRIMINATIONETHNIC GROUPETHNIC GROUPSEXCOMBATANTSEXPLOITATIONFAMILY UNITFIGHTINGFOREIGN EXCHANGEFOREIGN INVESTMENTFREE MEDIAFREEDOM OF SPEECHFREEDOM OF THE PRESSFUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTSGENOCIDEGENOCIDESGRAVEGUERRILLAHIGH POPULATION GROWTHHOST COUNTRIESHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONSHUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCEILLITERACYIMFINCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINDEPENDENT MEDIAINDIVIDUAL WELFAREINEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTIONINTEGRITYINTERNATIONAL ACTIONINTERNATIONAL BORDERSINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYINTERNATIONAL MEDIATIONINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSINTERNATIONAL STUDIESINVESTIGATIONJOURNALISTSJUDICIAL SYSTEMJUDICIARYJUSTICELAWSLEADERSHIPLIMITED RESOURCESLIVING CONDITIONSLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL COMMUNITYLOYALISTSMASS VIOLENCEMEDIAMEETINGSMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRYMILITARY EXPENDITURESMILITIAMINISTERMINISTERSMINORITYMONOPOLYNATIONAL DIALOGUENATIONAL GOVERNMENTNATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL SECURITYNATIONALISMSNATIONSNATURAL RESOURCESNEGOTIATED SETTLEMENTNEOOBSERVERORPHANSPARTICIPATORY PLANNINGPEACEPERSONAL FREEDOMPOLARIZATIONPOLICEPOLICE FORCEPOLITICAL CHANGEPOLITICAL ISSUESPOLITICAL OPPONENTSPOLITICAL OPPORTUNITYPOLITICAL OPPOSITIONPOLITICAL PARTICIPATIONPOLITICAL PARTIESPOLITICAL PARTYPOLITICAL PLURALISMPOLITICAL POWERPOLITICAL REFORMSPOLITICAL RIGHTSPOLITICIANSPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION DENSITYPOST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTIONPOST-CONFLICT SETTINGPOSTCONFLICT RECONSTRUCTIONPREFERENTIALPRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONSPRESS FREEDOMPRESS RELEASEPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIME MINISTERPRIVATIZATIONPROSECUTORPROSTITUTESPUBLIC DEBATEPUBLIC LIFEPUBLIC SECTOR JOBSPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SPHERERADIORADIO STATIONSREBELRECONCILIATIONRECONSTRUCTIONREFUGEEREFUGEE CAMPSREFUGEESREPRESENTATIVESREPRESSIONRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESPECTRESTITUTIONRETURNEESREVOLUTIONRIGHTS ORGANIZATIONSROADRULE OF LAWRULING PARTYRURAL AREASRURAL POVERTYSAFE HAVENSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY ENROLMENTSECURITY THREATSEXUAL VIOLENCESMALLHOLDERSSOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL CONSEQUENCESSOCIAL CONTROLSOCIAL GROUPSSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONSOLDIERSSPILLOVERSPOUSESSTATE POLICIESTELEPHONESTELEVISIONTELEVISION STATIONSTERTIARY EDUCATIONTERTIARY LEVELSTOLERANCETRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTATIONTRAUMAUNDPUNEQUAL DISTRIBUTIONVICTIMSVIOLENCEVULNERABLE GROUPSWAR CRIMESWEAPONSWORLD DEVELOPMENTYOUTHYOUTH COUNCILReportWorld Bank10.1596/27312