World Bank2013-09-032013-09-032001-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15524This report documents the emergence of a group of long-term poor in Hungary. While growth will continue to be necessary to create well-paying jobs that would enable people to escape poverty, the long term poor are not likely to benefit from growth since they are detached from the labor market, socially excluded, and in many cases, facing discrimination which keeps them from reintegrating into the labor market. The long-term poor in Hungary are comprised of several distinct social groups: the homeless, rural population particularly those living in micro-communities, unemployed or withdrawn from the labor market, households with more than three children, single parent families, single elderly females, and the Roma. A third of the long-term poor are of Roma ethnicity, even though this group is only approximately 5 percent of the Hungarian population. The analysis of the labor market confirms the connection between long-term unemployment and long-term poverty. One of the messages of this report is that the Roma need good-paying jobs first and foremost. Many Roma villages are characterized by a cycle of dependency on state transfers. Reinsertion programs are needed to break this cycle. In the medium term, emphasis on providing high-quality general education to the Roma is needed. These challenges for Hungary are complicated by decentralization, which may lead to unequal treatment of the poor, with less financing available where social programs are most needed.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE POVERTYCHILD ALLOWANCESCHRONIC POVERTYCURRENCY UNITDATA SETDEVELOPED COUNTRIESECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC MANAGEMENTECONOMIES OF SCALEEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENT STATUSESCAPE POVERTYEXPENDITURESEXTREME POVERTYFOOD BASKETHEADCOUNT INDEXHEALTH CAREHOUSEHOLD DATAHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD INCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME SUPPORTINDIVIDUAL INCOMEINDIVIDUAL LEVELINEQUALITYINFLATIONINFORMAL SECTORINFORMAL SECTORSINSURANCEINTERNATIONAL LABOURLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE SURVEYLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET PROGRAMSLOCAL AUTHORITIESLONG TERMLONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENTMINIMUM WAGEMULTIVARIATE ANALYSISMULTIVARIATE REGRESSIONMULTIVARIATE REGRESSION ANALYSISOLD AGEPARTICIPATORY STUDYPENSION SYSTEMPOLICY CONSIDERATIONSPOLITICAL REPRESENTATIONPOORPOOR AREASPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR INDIVIDUALSPOOR PEOPLEPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY ANALYSISPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY GAP INDEXPOVERTY IMPACTPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY PROFILEPOVERTY PROFILESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY STATUSPOVERTY TRENDSPRIVATE CONSUMPTIONPROTECTION POLICIESPUBLIC HEALTH CAREPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC WORKSQUANTITATIVE DATARELATIVE POVERTYRURAL AREASRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL POPULATIONSAFETY NETSINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDSSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL EXCLUSIONSOCIAL GROUPSSOCIAL POLICYSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMSSTATISTICAL OFFICETARGETINGTRANSITION ECONOMIESUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITSUNEMPLOYMENT RATESWAGESWELFARE MEASUREYOUNG PEOPLE POVERTY REDUCTIONLABOR MARKETSOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMSUNEMPLOYMENTDECENTRALIZATIONSINGLE PARENT FAMILIESDISABILITY BENEFITSUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT SYSTEMSDECENTRALIZATIONPOVERTY PROFILESOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSWorld Bank10.1596/15524