de Hoyos, RafaelAvitabile, Ciro2015-11-042015-11-042015-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/22845A randomized control trial was conducted to study whether providing 10th grade students with information about the returns to upper secondary and tertiary education, and a source of financial aid for tertiary education, can contribute to improve student performance. The study finds that the intervention had no effects on the probability of taking a 12th grade national standardized exam three years after, a proxy for on-time high school completion, but a positive and significant impact on learning outcomes and self-reported measures of effort. The effects are larger for girls and students from households with a relatively high income. These findings are consistent with a simple model where time discount determines the increase in effort and only students with adequate initial conditions are able to translate increased effort into better outcomes.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOSKILLSEMPLOYMENTUNIVERSAL ENROLLMENTAVERAGE TEST SCORESOCIAL NORMSUNIVERSITY DEGREECOLLEGEECONOMIC GROWTHTEACHERSMATH TESTSCHOOLINGWORK STATUSPUBLIC EDUCATIONHIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTSENROLLMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESGROUPSMATH SCORESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESMATH TEACHERHIGH SCHOOLHIGH SCHOOL GRADUATESEDUCATION OUTCOMESHIGHER EDUCATIONSUBJECT AREASPAPERSEARLY GRADESSOCIAL SCIENCESEXAMLIFE EXPECTANCYOPEN ACCESSKNOWLEDGEPHYSICSDEGREE PROGRAMSLABOR MARKETCOMPLETION RATESGENDER GAPMATHEMATICSPOSITIVE IMPACTSCHOOL DROPGRADE TESTGRADUATESECONDARY SCHOOLSECONOMICS OF EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSTUDENT OUTCOMESSCHOOL CURRICULUMHOUSEHOLD INCOMEMATH TEACHERSSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENTVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONSIGNIFICANT IMPACTLEARNINGGRADUATESEDUCATION SYSTEMRESEARCHSCHOOL STUDENTSSTUDENT REPORTSSCHOOL COMPLETIONCOMPUTER SOFTWARECHEMISTRYTEST SCORESUPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLSGRANTSREADINGSUBJECTSHUMAN CAPITALTECHNICAL SCHOOLSSTUDENT ASSESSMENTDROPOUT RATESWORKERSENROLLMENT RATESECONOMIC OUTCOMESADOLESCENT GIRLSVALUESSTUDENTSCHOOLSSCHOOL ATTENDANCECURRICULUM REFORMLEARNING OUTCOMESSTUDENT PERFORMANCEBIOLOGYAVERAGE SCOREGRADUATION RATESEDUCATIONAL CHOICESACHIEVEMENTSECONDARY EDUCATION SYSTEMLITERATUREYOUTHSTUDENT SCORESGRADE REPETITIONCAREERSLOWER SECONDARYCOLLEGE COSTSGRADE EXAMCURRICULUMTEACHEREDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESADMINISTRATIVE DATAUPPER SECONDARYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTFEMALE STUDENTSBETTER SCHOOLSCOGNITIVE SKILLSCHILDRENEDUCATIONSCHOOL PERFORMANCEINVESTMENTLOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLHUMAN RESOURCESRURAL AREASSCHOOL SUPPLYSTUDENT AWARENESSSCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMGIRLSHUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTUNIVERSITYSTUDENTSHIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMGENDER COMPOSITIONINTERVENTIONSBETTER LEARNINGUPPER SECONDARY EDUCATIONWOMENHIGH SCHOOL STUDENTSCLASSROOMMARRIAGE MARKETCLASSROOMSSCHOOLFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTSSECONDARY EDUCATIONTERTIARY EDUCATIONLOWER SECONDARY EDUCATIONRETURNS TO EDUCATIONWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-7422