World Bank2013-08-212013-08-212000-06-27https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15264The report is the public expenditure review for Kazakhstan, and builds upon previous work on the country's transition experience to a market-oriented economy, and of recent public sector reforms. It comprises three volumes, namely, the Summary Report, the Main Report, and Annexes and Statistical Appendix, aiming at identifying key public expenditure issues, suggesting also, possible strategies, and policy options. Although the country achieved significant progress in liberalizing, and stabilizing the economy, including implementing institutional reforms to discipline public expenditures, outstanding issues remain, particularly regarding the persistent fiscal imbalance, the deficient domestic resource mobilization management, unreliable expenditure prioritization, and inefficient budgetary execution. The report suggests strategy options, and policy reforms that should, through a programmed deficit reduction, attain fiscal sustainability. These options address: the rationalization of domestic resource mobilization, mainly oil/gas rents to preserve domestic savings, capital, and development of non-oil sectors; the need for governmental action on program priority, such as budgeting, and performance evaluation; strengthening intergovernmental relations, through improved fiscal decentralization, increased local accountability, and tax reforms; and, creating the initiative for private participation.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOPUBLIC EXPENDITURESTRANSITION ECONOMIESMARKET ECONOMYREFORMSPOLICY REFORMCAPACITY BUILDINGSTRUCTURAL REFORMSFINANCIAL STABILITYLIBERALIZATIONECONOMIC GROWTHINSTITUTIONAL REFORMFISCAL SUSTAINABILITYDOMESTIC RESOURCE MOBILIZATIONOIL & GAS RESERVESCAPITAL ACCUMULATIONOUTPUTSBUDGET ADMINISTRATIONPERFORMANCE INDICATORSFISCAL MANAGEMENTLOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURESTAX REFORMSPUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYSOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION ACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTINGADJUSTMENT PROCESSADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITIESAGRICULTUREALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCYBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBASIC EDUCATIONBONDSBUDGET PROCESSBUDGETARY FUNDSBUREAUCRACYCAPACITY BUILDINGCOALCONSUMER PRICE INDEXCORPORATE INCOME TAXCORRUPTIONCPICROWDING OUTCURRENCY UNITDEBT SERVICEDECISION-MAKINGDEFICITSDEMAND FOR MONEYDEREGULATIONDEVALUATIONDEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMEECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTECONOMIC MANAGEMENTECONOMIC RECESSIONECONOMIC RECOVERYECONOMIC REFORMECONOMIC STRUCTUREEQUALIZATIONEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATESEXECUTIONEXPENDITURE MANAGEMENTEXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIESEXPLOITATIONEXPORTSEXTERNAL DEBTFINANCIAL SECTORFISCALFISCAL BALANCEFISCAL CAPACITYFISCAL DECENTRALIZATIONFISCAL DEFICITFISCAL DIFFICULTIESFISCAL PERFORMANCEFISCAL POLICYFISCAL REVENUEFISCAL SITUATIONFISCAL STANCEFISCAL SUSTAINABILITYGDPGOVERNMENT DEBTGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURESGOVERNMENT SPENDINGGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RATEHEALTH CAREHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSIMPORTSINCOMEINCOME COUNTRIESINCOME GENERATIONINFLATIONINFLATION RATEINFORMAL ECONOMYINSTITUTIONAL REFORMSINSURANCEINTEREST RATESINTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONSINTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONSINTERNATIONAL MARKETLABOR FORCELACK OF TRANSPARENCYLIVING STANDARDSLOCAL GOVERNMENTLOCAL REVENUELONG-TERM PERSPECTIVEMACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORKMACROECONOMIC STABILIZATIONMARKET ECONOMYMETALSMINISTRY OF FINANCEMONETARY POLICYNATIONSNATURAL RESOURCESOILOIL PRICESPERMANENT INCOMEPOLICY OPTIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOOR PERSONPOVERTY INDICATORSPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRICE CHANGESPRICE FLUCTUATIONSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATIZATION PROCEEDSPRODUCTION COSTSPROVEN OIL RESERVESPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC DEBTPUBLIC EDUCATIONPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENTPUBLIC EXPENDITURE PRIORITIESPUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEWPUBLIC EXPENDITURESPUBLIC FINANCESPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SECTOR BORROWINGPUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING REQUIREMENTSPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYPUBLIC SERVICE REFORMPUBLIC SERVICESRATIONALIZATIONREAL GDPREAL INTEREST RATEREAL TERMSREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREHABILITATIONRENEWABLE RESOURCESRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE MOBILIZATIONREVENUE COLLECTIONREVENUE SOURCESREVENUE VOLATILITYSAVINGSSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSSOCIAL EXPENDITURESSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMSOCIAL SECTORSOCIAL SECTOR EXPENDITURESSOCIAL SECTORSSOCIAL SECURITYSTATE BUDGETSTATE REVENUESTRUCTURAL CHANGESTRUCTURAL REFORMSSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTASK TEAM LEADERTAX ADMINISTRATIONTAX COLLECTIONTAX EXPENDITURESTAX INCENTIVESTAX REVENUETAX SHARINGTAX SYSTEMTEAM MEMBERSTOTAL EXPENDITURESTRADE BALANCETRANSITION COUNTRIESTRANSITION ECONOMIESTRANSITION PROCESSTRANSPARENCYTREASURYUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATEVALUE ADDEDWAGESWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTOWorld Bank10.1596/15264