World Bank2014-03-312014-03-312010-02https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17522Decentralized energy services remain at the forefront in the fight against poverty. Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) are driving this effort to provide an alternative to state-owned utilities and other large energy providers in poor and developing countries. SMEs allow entrepreneurs to provide alternative energy supply in remote and rural areas while also providing jobs, lowering energy costs, and reducing carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions. The document provided a forum to discuss the specific role of SMEs in the energy sectors of Cambodia and Lao people's democratic Republic and establish a blueprint for SME involvement in alternative energy products and services in other countries.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYACCESS TO ENERGYACCESS TO ENERGY SERVICESACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO FINANCINGAFFORDABILITYAFFORDABLE ENERGYAGRICULTURAL RESIDUEALTERNATIVE ENERGYALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAMALTERNATIVE ENERGY SUPPLYALTERNATIVE ENERGY TECHNOLOGYANIMAL DUNGAPPROACHBANKSBARRIERS TO ENTRYBATTERIESBATTERY CHARGINGBATTERY CHARGING STATIONSBIOGASBIOMASSBIOMASS ENERGYBIOMASS FUELSBIOMASS GASIFICATIONBIOMASS SOURCEBIOMASS STOVESBIOMASS USEBORROWINGBUSINESS MANAGEMENTCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCARBONCHARCOALCOLLATERALCOOK STOVECOOK STOVESCOOKINGCREDIT FACILITIESCREDIT GUARANTEESCREDITSCROPCROP RESIDUEDEBTDEBT FINANCINGDEFORESTATIONDELIVERY OF ENERGYDELIVERY OF ENERGY SERVICEDEMAND FOR ENERGYDIESELDIESEL CONSUMPTIONDIESEL FUELDIESEL FUEL CONSUMPTIONDIESEL GENERATORSDISTILLERIESDISTRIBUTION PROBLEMSDOMESTIC USEDONOR FUNDDOWN PAYMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHEFFICIENT STOVESELECTRICITYELECTRICITY COSTSELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SUPPLYEMPOWERMENTEND USEREND USERSEND-USERSENERGY ACCESSENERGY ALTERNATIVESENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY COSTSENERGY INDUSTRYENERGY PRODUCTSENERGY PROJECTSENERGY PROVIDERSENERGY SECTORENERGY SECTORSENERGY SOURCESENERGY STRUCTUREENERGY SUPPLYENERGY TECHNOLOGYENERGY USEENTREPRENEURSENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESEXPENDITURESFAMILIESFOREIGN LANGUAGEFOSSILFOSSIL FUELSFUELFUEL COSTFUEL COSTSGASIFICATION TECHNOLOGYGASIFIERGENDERGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGRID AREASGRID CONNECTIONGRID ELECTRICITYGRID ELECTRIFICATIONGRID POWERHEALTH HAZARDHIGH INTEREST RATESHOUSEHOLD APPLIANCESHOUSEHOLD DEMANDHYDROPOWERHYDROPOWER GENERATIONHYDROPOWER PLANTINCOMEINDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERSINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINTEREST RATEINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL FINANCEKEROSENEKEROSENE LAMPSLACK OF ACCESSLIGHTINGLOAD FACTORLOANLOAN PROGRAMLOAN TERMLOAN TERMSMICRO ENTERPRISESMICRO-FINANCEMICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONSMICRO-HYDRONO ACCESS TO ELECTRICITYOPERATING COSTSORGANIC MATERIALORGANIC WASTEPARTIAL CREDITPILOT PROJECTSPLANT OWNERSPOLLUTIONPOST-COMBUSTIONPOWERPOWER PLANTSPOWER PRODUCERSPRODUCTION CAPACITYPRODUCTION COSTSPRODUCTION CREDITSPRODUCTION FACILITIESPROFITABILITYPUBLIC FACILITIESPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSRAW MATERIALSRENEWABLE ENERGYREPAYMENTRURAL AREARURAL AREASRURAL CLIENTSRURAL ELECTRICITYRURAL ELECTRIFICATIONRURAL ENERGYRURAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENTRURAL HOUSEHOLDSSAVINGSSAVINGS GROUPSSMALL BUSINESSESSMOKESOLAR ENERGYSOLAR LANTERNSOLAR LANTERNSSOLAR PANELSOLAR PANELSSOLAR POWERSOYASUGARSUPPLY CHAINSUSTAINABLE ENERGYSUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOURCETECHNICAL ASSISTANCETOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTIONTRADITIONAL STOVETRADITIONAL STOVESTRANSACTION COSTSTURBINESUTILITIESUTILITY COMPANYVILLAGEVILLAGE ELECTRIFICATIONVILLAGE LEVELVILLAGESVOLTAGEWOODWORKING CAPITAL10.1596/17522