Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid2016-07-122016-07-122016-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24674Convenient access to safe water is central to human health and development. Water-borne disease remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, much of which could be eliminated by a combination of better water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH). The WHO estimates that around 502 000 deaths a year in low and middle income countries from diarrheal disease are attributable to unsafe water, and that over 1 000 children under 5 die each day from diarrheal disease caused by inadequate WASH. UNWomen estimates that in Sub-Saharan Africa alone, women and girls spend 40 billion hours a year collecting water, the time valued at around $20 billion a year. Sustainable development goal no. 6 ‘ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all’ creates a framework for tackling the challenge of mobilizing the large investments required and making WaSH available at affordable prices. The purpose of the study on which this report is based is to analyze, capture and synthesize lessons learned from closed GPOBA water projects in order to evaluate the impact of the subsidy schemes and inform the scale-up and replication of OBA approaches. These lessons offer insight to successes and failures of project design and implementation as well as solutions to more complex projects and/or less tested environments.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOWATER QUALITYWATER SUPPLIESSMALL TOWN WATERWATER SERVICESAFFORDABLE WATERCONCESSION AREAPUBLIC UTILITIESWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL CAPACITYSERVICE STANDARDSWASTE MANAGEMENTCONNECTION FEEHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONWATER SECTORWATER SYSTEMSWATER SUPPLYREGULATORY AGENCYURBAN WATERSAFE’ WATERSURFACE WATERNUMBER OF PEOPLE WITHOUT ACCESSSAFE WATERWATER SCHEMESACCESS TO SAFE WATERCONNECTION SUBSIDYPERFORMANCE OF SERVICE PROVIDERSTOWNSLAND TENURERURAL WATERSMALL TOWNSBASIC SANITATIONWATER RESOURCESMAINTENANCE COSTSMUNICIPALITIESWATER SYSTEMOPERATION OF WATER SUPPLYPRIVATE OPERATORCONCESSION CONTRACTPRIVATE OPERATORSCOST RECOVERYRURAL WATER SUPPLYTOWN WATEROPERATIONAL COSTSFIXED COSTSWATERCONCESSION CONTRACTSPUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDERSSUSTAINABLE WATERFINANCIAL VIABILITYWATER DEVELOPMENTSERVICE PROVIDERPUBLIC WATERNUMBER OF BENEFICIARIESSERVICE PROVISIONWATER SCARCITYPOTABLE WATERSMALL MUNICIPALITIESSMALL TOWNSERVICE DELIVERYACCEPTABLE SERVICE STANDARDSTOWN WATER SUPPLYASSET HOLDING COMPANYWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMSLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSRURAL COMMUNITIESMUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTCONNECTION CHARGESPUBLIC UTILITYSMALL ENTERPRISESLEAST COSTCROSS-SUBSIDIZATIONWATER SERVICE PROVIDERSPROVISION OF WATERUTILITIESWATER DEMANDSOLID WASTEWATER SANITATIONSYSTEMSAVERAGE DAILY CONSUMPTIONCONCESSION AGREEMENTCOMMUNITY WATERURBAN AREASWATER TARIFFSSANITATION SECTORSMALL SCALE LOCAL ENTERPRISESSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTLOCAL WATERHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONSSERVICE QUALITYQUALITY WATERSANITATION UTILITIESTOWNWATER UTILITIESWATER NETWORKSWATER SOURCESSMALL TOWN WATER SUPPLYSANITATION SERVICESWATER PROJECTSLOCAL COMMUNITIESDRINKING WATERGROUND WATERHOUSEHOLDSCONNECTION FEESACCESS TO SERVICESCLEAN WATERWATER SERVICEDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSLOCAL OPERATORSLOCAL SERVICE PROVIDERSINVESTMENT COSTSCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGWATER SOURCELOW INCOME AREASMUNICIPAL WATERFINANCIAL INCENTIVESUTILITY OPERATORSERVICE PROVIDERSTYPE OF CONNECTIONReportWorld Bank10.1596/24674