Bahal, Girish2024-01-182024-01-182021-09-06The World Bank Economic Review0258-6770 (print)1564-698X (online)https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40917This article revisits impact evaluation studies on the largest public workfare in the world, NREGA. In an environment where randomization is not feasible, I show why an impact evaluation exercise on NREGA should acknowledge the existence of an older program, SGRY. Using novel district-level expenditure data on SGRY, this article shows how ignoring the older program is likely to underestimate the general equilibrium impact of the employment policy on various relevant socioeconomic outcomes. In most cases, ignoring SGRY underestimates NREGA’s impact by 30–40 percent.en-USCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOIMPACT EVALUATIONTREATMENT-CONTROLPUBLIC WORKFARESSGRYNREGAJournal ArticleWorld Bank10.1596/40917