World Bank2014-01-292014-01-292013-10https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16692Education and skill development have played a crucial role in economic growth, poverty reduction and social transformation in Bangladesh, particularly the inclusion of women in the labor force in the last decade. Bangladesh has made impressive gains in improving access to education, reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of gender parity at the primary and secondary levels. Increased access to secondary education among girls over the past twenty years appears to have produced a powerful agent of social mobility as it is likely that many of the young girls who benefitted from the female stipends in the early 90s have now entered the labor market and may be enjoying higher earnings than older female cohorts. The widespread entry of women into the labor market has been a leading factor in the rapid expansion of the garment industry. With around USD 15 billion in export value in 2010, the readymade garment industry is currently Bangladesh's most important industry sector (McKinsey and Company 2011). In this context, a policy note on the skills development is being prepared to discuss the issues of the linkage between education and skills development and the labor market. The policy note, together with two other policy notes on access and equity, and quality of education, will be part of the Bangladesh Education Sector Review (ESR). The ESR is developed for diagnosing the current educational situation in Bangladesh and discusses different policy options for the way forward. The skills development policy note aims to assess the flow and stock of today's skills demands and supply, in the areas of formal and informal sector labor market, as well as the overseas labor market where a large number of Bangladesh seeks for employment opportunities. It also aims to discuss the skills required for Bangladesh to develop when achieving the status of the middle income country as stipulated in the vision 2021. As part of the skills policy note, the Enterprise-based Skills Survey (ESS) has been conducted. This background report documents the technical properties of the ESS and discusses the general results of the survey.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC DEGREESACADEMIC PERFORMANCEACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONSACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO SECONDARY EDUCATIONACCESS TO TRAININGACTUARIESAGE COHORTAIRCRAFT PILOTSASSESSMENT OF LITERACYAVERAGE SCOREBACHELOR DEGREEBASIC LITERACYBASIC PRIMARY EDUCATIONBASIC SKILLSBASIC SKILLS TRAININGBROADCASTINGCAREERCAREER DEVELOPMENTCARPENTERSCHILD CARECIVIL SOCIETYCLERICAL WORKERSCLERKSCOGNITIVE SKILLSCOLLEGE GRADUATESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMPUTER SKILLSCURRENT LABOR FORCEDAY LABORERSDEGREESDEMAND FOR EDUCATIONDISCIPLINESDOMESTIC MARKETDOMESTIC WORKERSDRIVERSDRIVING INSTRUCTORSEDUCATED WORKERSEDUCATION FINANCEEDUCATION INSTITUTIONSEDUCATION MANAGERSEDUCATION OUTCOMESEDUCATION PROVIDERSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONSEDUCATIONAL LEVELEDUCATIONAL LEVELSEDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONSEMPLOYABILITYEMPLOYEEEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT GROWTHEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT SIZEEMPLOYMENT TRAININGENROLLMENTEXISTING WORKFORCEFINAL EXAMINATIONSFINDING JOBSFIRM SIZEFORMAL EDUCATIONFORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEMFORMAL LABOR MARKETFORMAL SECTOR WORKERSGENDER PARITYGENERAL EDUCATIONGIRLSGRADUATES WITH SKILLSHEALTH CAREHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATIONHIGHER PRODUCTIVITYHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESINFORMAL SECTORINFORMAL TRAININGINTERNSHIPSJOB FAIRSJOB OPPORTUNITIESJOB PLACEMENTJOB TRAININGJOBSJUNIOR SECONDARYJUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLLABOR DEMANDLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET DEMANDLABOR MARKET NEEDSLABOR MARKETSLEARNINGLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLITERACY SKILLSLITERACY TESTLOW LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLOWER LEVEL OF EDUCATIONMALE WORKERSMANPOWERMATHEMATICSNUMERACYOCCUPATIONOCCUPATIONSOLDER WORKERSON-THE-JOB TRAININGPAPERSPARENTAL EDUCATIONPERSONALITYPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATION EDUCATIONPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIVATE SCHOOLSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE TRAININGPRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONSPROBLEM SOLVINGPROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLSPROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCEPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTPUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICESQUALITY OF EDUCATIONRADIOREADERSREADINGREASONINGRESEARCH INSTITUTIONSRESEARCHERSSCHOOL CERTIFICATESCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL PERFORMANCESCHOOLINGSECONDARY CERTIFICATESECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOL GRADUATESSECRETARIESSHORT-TERM TRAININGSKILL DEVELOPMENTSKILL LEVELSSKILL-DEVELOPMENTSKILLED LABORSKILLED LABOR FORCESKILLED WORKFORCESKILLS DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL MOBILITYSOCIOLOGISTSSPORTSSTREET VENDORSSTUDENT ASSESSMENTSTUDENT SKILLSTEACHERSTEACHINGTECHNICAL EDUCATIONTECHNICAL KNOWLEDGETECHNICAL SKILLSTRAINED WORKERSTRAINEESTRAINING COURSESTRAINING FIRMTRAINING OPPORTUNITIESTRAINING POLICIESTRAINING PROGRAMSTRAINING PROVIDERSUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY DEGREEUNIVERSITY DEGREE HOLDERSUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONUNIVERSITY GRADUATESUNIVERSITY GRANTSUNIVERSITY LEVELUNIVERSITY STUDENTSUNSKILLED WORKERSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL SKILLSVOCATIONAL TRAININGWORK EXPERIENCEWORKERWORKERSYOUNG WORKERSWorld Bank10.1596/16692