World Bank2012-06-182012-06-182005-11https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8334Non-communicable diseases account for a large and growing share of Brazil's burden of disease. Currently, about 66 percent of the disease burden in Brazil is due to non-communicable diseases, compared to 24 percent from communicable diseases and 10% from injuries. Brazil's shift towards non-communicable diseases is a consequence of urbanization, improvements in health care, changing lifestyles, and globalization. Most of this disease burden i s not an inevitable result of a modern, aging society, but preventable-often at low cost. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the changing non-communicable disease burden in Brazil and its root causes, to examine costs and effectiveness of alternative policy interventions to address this growing burden, and the costs disease and potential returns from expanding non-communicable disease prevention and control activities, and to consider policy implication of expanding activities to effectively address the shifting burden.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESADOLESCENCEADOLESCENTADULT MORTALITYADULTHOODAGE GROUPSAGE STRUCTUREAGEDAGINGALCOHOLALCOHOL USEANXIETYBIRTHSBURDEN OF DISEASECANCERCANCERSCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECARE PROVIDERSCARE SERVICESCHILD DEATHSCHILDREN PER WOMANCHRONIC DISEASESCITIESCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROLCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMMUNITY INTERVENTIONSCOST-EFFECTIVENESSCRIMEDEMAND FOR TREATMENTDEPRESSIONDIABETESDIABETES MELLITUSDIETDISEASE INCIDENCEDRUGSEARLY DETECTIONECONOMIC ANALYSISEPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIESEXPENDITURESFAMILY HEALTHFINANCEHEALTHHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE DELIVERYHEALTH CARE PROVIDERSHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CONDITIONSHEALTH MESSAGESHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PLANHEALTH POLICIESHEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH PROMOTION ACTIVITIESHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTHY LIFESTYLESHEART DISEASEHIGH BLOOD PRESSUREHYPERTENSIONINFANT MORTALITYINFECTIONSINFECTIOUS DISEASESINHABITANTSINJURIESINTERVENTIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTHLIFESTYLESLIVE BIRTHSLIVING STANDARDSMALNUTRITIONMCHMEDICAL CAREMENTALMENTAL HEALTHMORBIDITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY RATESNATIONAL HEALTHOBESITYOVERWEIGHTPATIENTSPHYSICAL ACTIVITYPRIMARY CAREPRODUCTIVITYPUBLIC HEALTHRISK FACTORRISK FACTORSRISK REDUCTIONSCHOOLSSCREENINGSEXSMOKERSSMOKINGSMOKING CESSATIONSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL MARKETINGTFRTOBACCOTOBACCO CONSUMPTIONTOBACCO CONTROLTOBACCO TAXESTOBACCO USETOTAL FERTILITY RATEURBANIZATIONVEGETABLESVIOLENCEYOUNG ADULTSYOUTHWorld Bank10.1596/8334