Gomez Osorio, CamiloAbriningrum, Dwi EndahBlanco Armas, EnriqueFirdaus, Muhammad2012-03-192012-03-192011-08-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3519Using the Agricultural Census 2003 and the Rice Household Survey 2008 for Indonesia, this paper analyzes the distribution of benefits from fertilizer subsidies and their impact on rice production. The findings suggest that most farmers benefit from fertilizer subsidies; however, the 40 percent largest farmers capture up to 60 percent of the subsidy. The regressive nature of the fertilizer subsidies is in line with research carried out in other countries, the result of larger farms using a larger volume of fertilizer. This paper confirms that fertilizer used in adequate quantities has a positive and significant impact on rice yields, but it also provides evidence that over-using fertilizer has an adverse impact on yields (an inverted U-curve relationship).CC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE TERMSACCESS TO FERTILIZERADVERSE EFFECTADVERSE IMPACTAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAGRICULTURAL GROWTHAGRICULTURAL INPUTSAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTUREAMMONIAAQUACULTUREBAMBOOBEANSCOMMERCIAL CREDITCOMPOUND FERTILIZERSCONSUMERSCREDIT MARKETSCREDIT PROGRAMCROPCULTIVARCULTIVATED RICEDEFORESTATIONDEGRADATIONDEREGULATIONDEVELOPMENT POLICYDEVELOPMENT STRATEGYDIMINISHING RETURNSDISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITSDRY LANDECONOMETRIC ANALYSISECONOMETRICSECONOMIES OF SCALEESTATE CROPSEXPORTSFAMILY MEMBERSFAOFARMFARM SIZEFARMERFARMER GROUPSFARMERSFARMINGFARMSFERTILIZERFERTILIZER CONSUMPTIONFERTILIZER DISTRIBUTIONFERTILIZER IMPORTSFERTILIZER INDUSTRYFERTILIZER MANUFACTURERSFERTILIZER MARKETFERTILIZER PRICESFERTILIZER PRODUCERSFERTILIZER PRODUCTIONFERTILIZER SUBSIDIESFERTILIZER SUBSIDYFERTILIZER USAGEFERTILIZER USEFERTILIZERSFOOD AIDFOOD CROPSFOOD SECURITYFOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCYGDPGRAINHORTICULTUREHORTICULTURE SECTORHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALIMPORT QUOTASINCOMEINEFFICIENCYIRRIGATIONLABOR COSTSLACK OF CREDITLAND SIZEMONOPOLYMULTIPLIER EFFECTNITROGENPADDYPLANTATIONSPLANTINGPOORER FARMERSPOSITIVE EXTERNALITIESPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRICE CONTROLSPRODUCEPRODUCTION COSTSPRODUCTION FUNCTIONPRODUCTION FUNCTIONSPRODUCTION OF FERTILIZERPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROFIT MARGINSPURCHASING POWERREDUCTION OF INEQUALITYREGIONALIZATIONREMOTE AREASREMOTE RURAL AREASRICERICE PRICERICE PRODUCTIONRICE YIELDSRISK AVERSERURAL CREDITRURAL HOUSEHOLDRURAL INCOMERURAL POVERTYRURAL PUBLICRURAL ROADSSAFETY NETSCHOOLINGSEEDSEEDSSMALL FARMERSSOIL CHARACTERISTICSSOIL COMPOSITIONSOIL DEGRADATIONSOIL EROSIONSOIL QUALITYSOY BEANSOYBEANSPACINGSUBSIDIES FOR FERTILIZERUREAUREA PRODUCTIONVILLAGE LEVELVOTERSWEALTHWho Is Benefiting from Fertilizer Subsidies in Indonesia?World Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5758