World Bank2014-06-232014-06-232009https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18717Aid for trade is a means to help developing countries, especially low-income countries, integrate into the world economy as a way to spur growth. The recent financial crisis and global recession have, if anything, made aid for trade more urgent. Trade worldwide is likely to contract in 2009. It has become a main channel through which recessionary impulses from the United States and Europe are transmitted to developing countries. But these forces will sooner or later reverse: when growth does resume, trade is likely to be a leading source of demand. Helping countries to take full advantage of the global recovery, whenever it comes, has become a priority for rekindling growth, as well as sustaining rising incomes into the future. The aid-for-trade program of the World Bank Group, as with other donors, is multifaceted. It goes beyond concessional lending commitments to low-income countries (the conventional definition used by the OECD/WTO). It also involves World Bank non-concessional trade-related lending to middle-income countries. Promoting trade-led growth in middle-income countries creates market opportunities for neighboring low-income countries, to say nothing of the benefits such opportunities entail for trade creation worldwide. Moreover, investments by the World Bank's private sector arm, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), in private sector activities can also generate trade and growth by expanding productive capacity in tradable goods. IFC private investments in the financial sector have also been instrumental in overcoming crisis induced constraints on trade finance. Finally, focusing solely on financial flows would miss the important role of policy advice and technical assistance embodied in studies and capacity-building efforts of donors.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS BARRIERSACCESS TO TELECOMMUNICATIONSADBADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCEAGRICULTUREAIRPORTSAUDITSAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITYBALANCE SHEETSBANK LENDINGBANK LOANSBANKSBARRIERS TO COMPETITIONBILATERAL TRADEBONDBOND MARKETBONDSBORDER CROSSINGSBORDER MANAGEMENTBUSINESS CLIMATECAPACITY BUILDINGCAPACITY DEVELOPMENTCLIENT COUNTRIESCOMMERCIAL BANKCOMMODITIESCOMMON MARKETCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVENESSCONNECTIVITYCONSUMERSCONTRACT ENFORCEMENTCOPYRIGHT CLEARANCECOPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTERCOST OF TRANSPORTCOSTS OF TRANSPORTCREDITSDEBTDEBT RELIEFDEFICITSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRYDEVELOPMENT AGENCYDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT POLICYDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGYDISTANCE LEARNINGDIVIDENDSDOMESTIC MARKETDOMESTIC MARKETSECONOMIC COOPERATIONECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC PERFORMANCEEMPLOYMENTEQUITY INVESTMENTEQUITY INVESTMENTSEXPENDITURESEXPORT BASEEXPORT GROWTHEXPORT MARKETEXPORT PROCESSING ZONESEXPORTSFAIR TRADEFARMERSFINANCE CORPORATIONFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL FLOWSFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFINANCIAL SECTORFINANCIAL STABILITYFINANCIAL SUPPORTFIXED COSTSFLOATING RATEFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN MARKETFOREIGN MARKETSFREE TRADEGDPGLOBAL ECONOMYGLOBAL MARKETGLOBAL MARKETSGLOBALIZATIONIMPORT TARIFFSINCENTIVE REGIMESINCOMEINCOME GROUPSINCOMESINDIVIDUAL FIRMSINEFFICIENCYINFORMATION SERVICESINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINFRASTRUCTURE COSTINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTSINFRASTRUCTURE PLANNINGINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTSINFRASTRUCTURESINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTINSTITUTIONAL SUPPORTINSURANCEINSURANCE AGENCYINTERNAL BARRIERSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINTERNATIONAL TRADEISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANKITCJUDICIAL REFORMLABOR MARKETLAWSLDCSLEGISLATIONLIQUIDITYLONG-TERM FINANCELOW TARIFFSLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMARKET ACCESSMARKET FAILUREMARKET STRUCTUREMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIESMIGRATIONMOBILE PHONEMOTOR VEHICLESMULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENTMULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKSNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNEW MARKETNEW MARKET OPPORTUNITIESNEW MARKETSNEW PRODUCTSNONPERFORMING LOANSOUTPUTPOLITICAL RISKPOLITICAL RISK INSURANCEPORT AUTHORITIESPORTFOLIOPRICE CONTROLSPRICE INCENTIVESPRIVATE INFRASTRUCTUREPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE INVESTMENTSPRIVATE INVESTORSPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPUBLIC ENTERPRISESQUALITY OF TRANSPORTRAILRAILWAYSRAPID GROWTHRECESSIONRED TAPEREFORM PROGRAMREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKSREGIONAL INTEGRATIONREGIONAL TRADEREGIONAL TRANSPORTREGISTRATION REQUIREMENTSREGULATORY FRAMEWORKREGULATORY REGIMESREGULATORY SYSTEMSREMOTE AREASRISK MANAGEMENTRISK PREMIUMROADROAD MAINTENANCEROAD SECTORROAD SYSTEMROAD USERSROADSSAFETYSAVINGSSHAREHOLDERSOCIAL DEMANDSSOCIAL SAFETY NETSSPECIALIZED INFRASTRUCTURESTOCK MARKETSUBSIDIARYTARIFF BARRIERSTAXTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNOLOGICAL CHANGETRADE BARRIERSTRADE FACILITATIONTRADE FINANCETRADE FINANCINGTRADE POLICYTRADE VOLUMETRADITIONAL MARKETTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSITTRANSIT SYSTEMTRANSIT TRADETRANSPORTTRANSPORT COSTSTRANSPORT FACILITATIONTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT OPERATORSTRANSPORT SERVICESTRANSPORT SYSTEMSTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSTRAVEL SPEEDSTRAVEL TIMETRUCKSTRUETRUST FUNDSUNIONVALUATIONVALUE ADDEDVEHICLEVEHICLE OPERATINGVEHICLE OPERATING COSTSVENTURE CAPITALWORKING CAPITALWORLD ECONOMYWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTO10.1596/18717