World Bank2013-03-252013-03-252010-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12905What is the economic rationale for Roma inclusion? This report explores the question: What is the economic argument for Roma inclusion?The analysis is based on quantitative data from Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Romania, and Serbia, and information from interviews with 222 stakeholders in government as well as non-government officials and Roma and non-Roma. Seven household surveys for these four countries provided sufficiently rich information to make the economic calculations. The four countries represent more than two-thirds of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe and the Balkans.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO EMPLOYMENTACTIVE LABORACTIVE LABOR MARKETACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICYAGE GROUPAGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITYAVERAGE WAGEAVERAGE WAGESBUSINESS LICENSESCAPITAL OWNERSCAPITAL SHARECASH TRANSFERCASH TRANSFERSCENSUSESCHILD CARECIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCONSUMPTION TAXESCORPORATE TAX RATECURRENT POPULATIONDEMOGRAPHIC TRENDSDISADVANTAGED CHILDRENDISCRIMINATIONDISSEMINATIONEARLY CHILDHOODECONOMETRICSECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC OPPORTUNITYECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITYEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELDERLYEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMESEMPLOYMENT PROBABILITIESEMPLOYMENT RATEEMPLOYMENT RATESEMPLOYMENT STATUSEQUAL ACCESSETHNIC GROUPSEXCHANGE RATEEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURESFEMALE EMPLOYMENTFINANCIAL STABILITYFINDING JOBSFINDING WORKFISCAL BURDENGOVERNMENT BUDGETSGOVERNMENT EXPENDITUREGOVERNMENT FINANCESGOVERNMENT REVENUEGOVERNMENT REVENUESGROSS WAGEGROSS WAGESHEALTH CAREHIGH EMPLOYMENTHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESINCOMEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME SUPPORTINCOME TAXINCOME TAXESINFORMAL EMPLOYMENTINSTRUMENTJOB PLACEMENTJOB SEARCHJOB SEARCH ASSISTANCEJOB SEEKERSJOBSLABOR COSTLABOR ECONOMICSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET OUTCOMESLABOR MARKET PROGRAMSLABOR MARKETSLABOR SHARELEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIFELONG LEARNINGLIVING STANDARDSLOANLOCAL GOVERNMENTLONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENTLOW EMPLOYMENTMARKET ECONOMYMARKET EXCLUSIONMARKET INTEGRATIONMICROFINANCEMINORITYMUNICIPALITIESNATIONAL AUTHORITIESNATIONAL RESOURCESNET INCOME LOSSOFFICIAL POPULATIONOPEN SOCIETYOPPORTUNITY COSTSOUTPUT LOSSPAYROLL TAXPAYROLL TAXESPENSIONPENSIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOPULATION ESTIMATESPOPULATION TRENDSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRODUCTIVITY GAINSPRODUCTIVITY GAPPROGRAM DESIGNPROGRESSPUBLIC EDUCATIONPUBLIC PERCEPTIONSPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SUPPORTPUBLIC WORKSPUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMSQUALITY EDUCATIONQUALITY OF EDUCATIONREGIONAL POLICYRESPECTRETIREMENTRETIREMENT PENSIONSRETURNRETURNSSAVINGSSCHOOL AGESCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOL STUDENTSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSERVICE DELIVERYSMALL BUSINESSSOCIAL INCLUSIONSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SERVICESOCIAL SERVICESTAX BENEFITTAX RATETAX RATESTECHNICAL TRAININGTERTIARY EDUCATIONUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYED PEOPLEUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATEVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL TRAININGWAGE DIFFERENTIALSWAGE GAPWAGE RATESWELFARE RECIPIENTSWOMANWORK EXPERIENCEWORKERWORKING-AGE POPULATIONYOUNG AGEYOUNG MENYOUNG PEOPLEWorld Bank10.1596/12905