Glewwe, PaulKing, Elizabeth M.2014-03-042014-03-042001-01World Bank Economic Reviewhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17213This article uses longitudinal data from the Philippines to examine whether the timing of malnutrition in early childhood is a critical factor in determining subsequent cognitive development. Although some observers have argued that the first six months of life are the most critical in the sense that malnutrition during that time period harms cognitive development more than malnutrition later in life, analysis of the Philippines data does not support this claim. To the contrary, the data suggest that malnutrition in the second year of life may have a larger negative impact than malnutrition in the first year of life.en-USCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOBABIESBREASTFEEDINGCHILD DEVELOPMENTCHILD GROWTHCHILD HEALTHCHILD NUTRITIONCHILDHOOD MALNUTRITIONCLINICSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDIARRHEADIETSDISADVANTAGED CHILDRENEARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOODEDUCATIONAL SERVICESEFFECTIVE POLICIESFAMINEFOOD INTAKEFOOD PRICEFOOD PRICESHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSHOUSEHOLD ASSETSHUMAN BODYHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUNGERIMPACT ON CHILDRENINFANTINFANT FOODSINFANT FORMULAINFANTSINFECTIOUS DISEASESINTERVENTIONLIVING STANDARDSLOCAL HEALTH SERVICESLOW-INCOME COUNTRYMALNOURISHED CHILDRENMALNUTRITIONMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL HEALTH SERVICESMATERNAL NUTRITIONMEATMEDICAL SERVICESMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIESMICRONUTRIENTSMIGRATIONMIGRATIONSMORBIDITYMOTHERNURSINGNUTRIENTNUTRITION EDUCATIONNUTRITION INTERVENTIONSNUTRITION POLICIESNUTRITIONAL DATANUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIESNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCYNUTRITIONAL OUTCOMESNUTRITIONAL STATUSNUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATIONNUTRITIONISTSOFFICE OF POPULATIONPEDIATRICSPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTPHYSICAL GROWTHPOLICY DECISIONSPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOOR HEALTHPOOR MATERNAL HEALTHPOOR NUTRITIONPOPULATION CENTERPOPULATION STUDIESPREGNANCYPRENATAL NUTRITIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRODUCTION FUNCTIONPROTEINPROTEIN DEFICIENCIESPSYCHOLOGISTSPSYCHOLOGYQUALITY OF LIFESCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOL YEARSSCHOOLINGSEVERE MALNUTRITIONSEXSOCIAL POLICYSTUNTINGUNDERNUTRITIONVEGETABLESWEAKNESSWEIGHT GAINWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG CHILDRENJournal ArticleWorld Bank10.1596/17213