Artuç, ErhanLederman, DanielPorto, Guido2013-09-272013-09-272013-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15923Estimates of labor mobility costs are needed to assess the responses of employment and wages to trade shocks when factor adjustment is costly. Available methods to estimate those costs rely on panel data, which are seldom available in developing countries. The authors propose a method to estimate mobility costs using readily obtainable data worldwide. The estimator matches the changes in observed sectoral employment allocations with the predicted allocations from a model of costly labor adjustment. This paper estimates a world map of labor mobility costs and uses those estimates to explore the response of labor markets to trade policy.enCC BY 3.0 IGOAGGREGATE EMPLOYMENTAGRICULTUREAVERAGE WAGECONSUMER PRICE INDEXDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISCOUNTED VALUEDISPLACED WORKERSECONOMETRICSECONOMIC RESEARCHECONOMICSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT CONDITIONSEMPLOYMENT DYNAMICSEMPLOYMENT LEVELSEMPLOYMENT RESEARCHEQUILIBRIUM WAGESEXPECTED VALUEEXPECTED WAGEEXPORTSFIRINGFIRING COSTSFIRM DYNAMICSFUTURE LABORGDPGINI COEFFICIENTGROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATIONGROWTH RATEHIRINGINCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME LEVELSINTERNATIONAL TRADEJOB TURNOVERLABOR ADJUSTMENTLABOR ADJUSTMENT COSTSLABOR ALLOCATIONLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENTLABOR MARKET POLICIESLABOR MARKET RIGIDITIESLABOR MARKET TURNOVERLABOR MARKETSLABOR MOBILITYLABOR REALLOCATIONLABOR_FORCELABOURLABOUR MARKETLABOUR MARKET REGULATIONSLABOUR MOVEMENTSMARGINAL PRODUCTMARKET WAGEMIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIESNOMINAL WAGESOPEN ECONOMYOPTIMIZATIONPOLITICAL ECONOMYPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRODUCTION FUNCTIONSPROTECTED INDUSTRIESPURCHASING POWERREAL WAGEREAL WAGESRISK NEUTRALSERVICE SECTORTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE POLICYTRADE REFORMSUNEMPLOYMENTUNSKILLED WORKERSVALUE ADDEDWAGE BILLWAGE DIFFERENTIALWAGE DIFFERENTIALSWAGE INEQUALITYWORK IN PROGRESSWORKERWORKER HETEROGENEITYWORKINGWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6556