Jakubowski, MaciejPatrinos, Harry AnthonyPorta, Emilio ErnestoWisniewski, Jerzy2012-03-192012-03-192010-04-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3749Increasing the share of vocational secondary schooling has been a mainstay of development policy for decades, perhaps nowhere more so than in formerly socialist countries. The transition, however, led to significant restructuring of school systems, including a declining share of vocational students. Exposing more students to a general curriculum could improve academic abilities. This paper analyzes Poland s significant improvement in international achievement tests and the restructuring of the education system that expanded general schooling to test the hypothesis that delayed vocational streaming improves outcomes. Using propensity score matching and differences-in-differences estimates, the authors show that delayed vocationalization had a positive and significant impact on student performance on the order of one standard deviation.CC BY 3.0 IGOABLE STUDENTSACADEMIC CURRICULUMACADEMICALLY LESS ABLE STUDENTSACHIEVEMENT DATAACHIEVEMENT TESTSACHIEVEMENTSADULT LIFEANALYTICAL METHODASSESSMENT FRAMEWORKBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC EDUCATION SYSTEMBASIC VOCATIONAL SCHOOLSBETTER TEACHERSBOOKS AT HOMECALLCAREERCERTIFIED TEACHERSCLASS-SIZECLASSROOMCLASSROOM TIMECLASSROOMSCOGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENTCOGNITIVE SKILLSCOMPETENCIESCOMPULSORY EDUCATIONCOMPULSORY SCHOOL AGECOMPUTER AT HOMECORE CURRICULACRITICAL THINKINGCURRICULAR REFORMCURRICULAR STRUCTURECURRICULUMDECENTRALIZATIONDIVERSIFIED SECONDARY EDUCATIONDOCTORAL STUDIESECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEDUCATION CURRICULUMEDUCATION ECONOMICSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATION LEVELSEDUCATION PLANSEDUCATION POLICIESEDUCATION POLICYEDUCATION REFORMEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTEDUCATIONAL AUTHORITIESEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATIONAL POLICIESEDUCATIONAL POLICYEDUCATIONAL PROGRESSEDUCATIONAL QUALITYEFFECTIVE EDUCATIONEMPLOYMENTENTRANCE EXAMFINAL EXAMFINAL EXAMSFIRST GRADEGENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONGENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLSHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONSHIGHER GRADESHOURS OF INSTRUCTIONHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESINNOVATIVE TEACHINGINSTRUCTIONINTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENTINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONJOB OPPORTUNITIESJOB TRAININGKINDERGARTENSLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETSLABOUR ECONOMISTSLABOUR MARKETLEARNINGLEARNING OUTCOMESLETLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLITERACY SKILLSLITERATURELOWER ACHIEVEMENTLOWER SECONDARYLOWER SECONDARY EDUCATIONLOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLLOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLINGLOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLSMATHEMATICSNATIONAL ASSESSMENTNATIONAL EDUCATIONNUMBER OF PUPILSNUMBER OF STUDENTSNURSERY SCHOOLNURSERY SCHOOLSOLD STUDENTSPAPERSPARENTAL EDUCATIONPERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICSPERFORMANCE OF STUDENTSPRIMARY CYCLEPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL LEAVERSPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENTPROFICIENCYPUBLIC SCHOOLPUBLIC SCHOOLSQUALITY OF EDUCATIONREADINGREADING ACHIEVEMENTREADING SKILLSREASONINGRESEARCHERSRURAL AREASSCHOOL ATTENDANCESCHOOL CAREERSCHOOL CURRICULASCHOOL CURRICULUMSCHOOL EDUCATIONSCHOOL ENROLLMENTSSCHOOL ENVIRONMENTSCHOOL FINANCESCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL NETWORKSCHOOL POLICYSCHOOL PROGRAMSCHOOL PROGRAMSSCHOOL STRUCTURESCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOL SYSTEMSCHOOL SYSTEMSSCHOOL YEARSCIENCE ACHIEVEMENTSCIENCE STUDYSCIENTIFIC LITERACYSECONDARY CYCLESECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUMSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONSECONDARY VOCATIONAL SCHOOLSSKILLS ESSENTIALSOCIAL BENEFITSSTUDENT - TEACHER RATIOSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENTSTUDENT CHARACTERISTICSSTUDENT LEARNINGSTUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMESSTUDENT OUTCOMESSTUDENT PERFORMANCESTUDENT SCORESSUBJECTSTEACHERTEACHER EDUCATIONTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING CONTENTSTEACHING MATERIALSTEACHING METHODSTEACHING STYLESTECHNICAL SKILLSTECHNOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGETEST SCORESTEXTBOOKSTRADITIONAL SKILLSTRAINING INSTITUTIONSTRAINING PROGRAMSUPPER SECONDARYUPPER SECONDARY EDUCATIONUPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLUPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMSVOCATIONAL SCHOOLVOCATIONAL SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL SECONDARYVOCATIONAL SKILLSVOCATIONAL STUDENTSVOCATIONAL SUBJECTSVOCATIONAL TRAININGYOUTHWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5263