Barnes, Douglas F.Kumar, PritiOpenshaw, Keith2012-07-022012-07-022012978-0-19-807835-7https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9366For people in developed countries, burning fuel wood in an open hearth evokes nostalgia and romance. But in developing countries, the harsh reality is that several billion people, mainly women and children, face long hours collecting fuel wood, which is burned inefficiently in traditional biomass stoves. The smoke emitted into their homes exposes them to pollution levels 10-20 times higher than the maximum standards considered safe in developed countries. And the problem is not out of the ordinary. The majority of people in developing countries at present cannot afford the transition to modern fuels. Today, close to one half of the world's people still depend on biomass energy to meet their cooking and heating needs. This book should be of interest to policymakers and scientists across a broad spectrum of disciplines from health, environment, and economics to sociology, anthropology, and physics. Indeed, the hands of many specialists are required to ensure successful stove programs, which call for social marketing, stove engineering, development of standards, promotion of private and commercial enterprises, and appropriate subsidy schemes. That the book's authors represent diverse disciplines sociology, physics, and forest economics underscores the range of perspectives needed to tackle the issues involved in the commercial promotion of improved stoves. The impetus for writing this book started at the end of a World Bank project on the health implications of indoor air pollution, which coincided with the Government of India's (GoI) cancellation of its 20-year program on improved stoves. The government's decision came as no surprise, given the program's mixed results.CC BY 3.0 IGOACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESSAGRICULTURAL RESIDUEAIRAIR POLLUTIONANIMAL DUNGAPPLIANCESAPPROACHASHATMOSPHEREAVAILABILITYBIOGASBIOGAS PLANTSBIOMASSBIOMASS COLLECTIONBIOMASS COMBUSTIONBIOMASS ENERGYBIOMASS ENERGY USEBIOMASS FUELBIOMASS FUEL USEBIOMASS FUELSBIOMASS PRODUCTIONBIOMASS RESOURCESBIOMASS SMOKEBIOMASS SOURCEBIOMASS STOVEBIOMASS STOVESBIOMASS USEBIOMASS USERSBLACK CARBONBURNING BIOMASSBURNING FUELBURNING STOVESCANCERCARBON DIOXIDECARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONSCEMENTCHARCOALCHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASECLEAN FUELSCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOCOALCOLORSCOMBUSTIONCOMBUSTION EMISSIONSCOMMERCIAL ENTERPRISESCONCENTRATESCONSERVATIONCONVENTIONAL ENERGYCOOKINGCOOKING FUELSCOW DUNGCROPCROP RESIDUECROP RESIDUESDEFORESTATIONECONOMIC GROWTHEFFICIENT STOVESELECTRICITYEMISSIONEMISSION REDUCTIONSEMPLOYMENTENERGY CRISESENERGY CRISISENERGY DEVELOPMENTENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY NEEDSENERGY OFFICESENERGY PLANNINGENERGY RESEARCHENERGY SAVINGSENERGY SECTORENERGY SOURCEENERGY SOURCESENERGY USEENERGY USERSENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITSENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNSENVIRONMENTAL HEALTHENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCHFINE PARTICULATESFORESTFOREST ECONOMICSFORESTRYFORESTSFUELFUEL COLLECTIONFUEL COMBUSTIONFUEL CONSUMPTIONFUEL COSTSFUEL EFFICIENCYFUEL SUBSTITUTIONFUEL SUPPLIESFUEL TYPEFUEL TYPESFUEL USEFUEL WOODFUELWOODGASGASESGASIFIERGENERATIONGLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSHEALTH RISKHEATHEATINGHEATING ENERGYHEATING SYSTEMSHOUSEHOLD ENERGYHOUSEHOLD ENERGY USEHOUSEHOLD FUELHOUSEHOLD FUELSHUMAN HEALTHHYDROGENIMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCYINCOMEINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYINTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCHKEROSENELIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASLIQUID FUELSLIVING SPACELPGMETHANEMODERN FUELSNITROUS OXIDEORGANIC CARBONOXYGENPARTICLESPARTICULATEPARTICULATE MATTERPARTICULATESPETROLEUMPETROLEUM GASPHYSICSPM10POLLUTIONPOLLUTION LEVELSPOWERPOWER PLANTPPPRIMARY ENERGYRAINFALLRAW MATERIALSRENEWABLE ENERGYRURAL AREASRURAL ENERGYRURAL ENERGY PLANNINGRURAL ENERGY USERURAL HOUSEHOLDSSAFETY STANDARDSSMOKESOLID FUELSSUGARCANESUGARCANE RESIDUESSUNLIGHTSUSTAINABLE ENERGYTEMPERATURETHERMAL EFFICIENCYTINTONS OF CARBONTRADITIONAL BIOMASSTRADITIONAL STOVETRADITIONAL STOVESUSE OF BIOMASSVESSELSVILLAGE LEVELWATER CONSERVATIONWINDWOODWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-19-807835-7