Savastano, SaraLarson, Donald F.Murray, SiobhanPalacios-Lopez, Amparo2015-05-042015-05-042015-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21855African governments and international development groups see boosting productivity on smallholder farms as key to reducing rural poverty and safeguarding the food security of farming and non-farming households. Prompting smallholder farmers to use more fertilizer has been a key tactic. Closing the productivity gap between male and female farmers has been another avenue toward achieving the same goal. The results in this paper suggest the two are related. Fertilizer use and maize yields among smallholder farmers in Uganda are increased by improved access to markets and extension services, and reduced by ex ante risk-mitigating production decisions. Standard ordinary least squares regression results indicate that gender matters as well; however, the measured productivity gap between male and female farmers disappears when gender is included in a list of determinants meant to capture the indirect effects of market and extension access.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOTROPICAL AGRICULTURERISKSFARMING SYSTEMACCOUNTINGFERTILIZERPRODUCTIONCROP SELECTIONFARMERBEANSGENETIC RESOURCESINCOMEAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONFARM PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL PLOTSAGRICULTURAL SECTORSINFORMATIONFARM MANAGEMENTFOOD POLICYPLANTINGEFFECTSCHEMICAL FERTILIZERSFARMING SYSTEMS RESEARCHIFPRIAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL DATAFAMILY FARMSCIMMYTFARM INCOMEIMPACT ON YIELDSINTERCROPPINGAGRICULTURAL OUTPUTSAFETY NETSINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEFERTILIZERSSMALL FARMERSKNOWLEDGEMAIZEMAIZE CROPCROPPING SYSTEMSCROP PRODUCTIONFARM MANAGERSPRODUCTION SYSTEMAGRICULTURAL MARKETSAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGYLABOR RESOURCESSEEDSDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESMAIZE FARMERSPRODUCTIVITYFARM SIZECROP DIVERSIFICATIONNGOSMARKETSMARKETINGSEEDORGANIZATIONSINTERNATIONAL MAIZE AND WHEAT IMPROVEMENT CENTERINDICATORSRESEARCHFARMINGFOOD SUPPLIESLIVESTOCKEXTENSIONHISTORYLABORFARMERSCROPSPRODUCELIVESTOCK FARMINGFIELD TRIALSFOOD SECURITYWAGESAGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATIONCROPLABOR DEMANDFAMILYEXTENSION SERVICESVALUEGENDERFAMILY LABORICRISATMAIZE YIELDSAGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTCLIMATEFIELDSMAIZE PRODUCTIONREPORTSFARMING HOUSEHOLDSCROPPINGCROPPING SEASONSAGRICULTUREINCOMESFAORICE PRODUCTIONFERTILIZER APPLICATIONFERTILIZER USEOPPORTUNITY COSTSECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL INPUTSMIXED CROPPINGMANAGEMENTCHEMICAL FERTILIZERINSURANCEFISHERIESLANDSCIENTISTSSECURITYGROWING SEASONEDUCATIONHUMAN ECOLOGYRISKFARMFARMSBARGAININGECOLOGYCOOPERATIVESAVERAGE YIELDSINNOVATIONWHEATSOILSPROFITAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYRICEYIELDSLIVELIHOODSGREEN REVOLUTIONPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIESWOMENAGRICULTURALFARMING SYSTEMSFOOD PRICESLABOR MARKETSTECHNOLOGIESOUTCOMESSAFETYRURAL DEVELOPMENTPRICESSEARCH COSTSRAINFED AREASAGRICULTURAL GOODSPOOR HOUSEHOLDSAre Women Less Productive Farmers?World BankHow Markets and Risk Affect Fertilizer Use, Productivity, and Measured Gender Effects in Uganda10.1596/1813-9450-7241