Pushak, NataliyaFoster, Vivien2012-03-192012-03-192011-06-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3450Infrastructure made a net contribution of around one percentage point to Nigeria's improved per capita growth performance in recent years, in spite of the fact that unreliable power supplies held growth back. Raising the country's infrastructure endowment to that of the region's middle-income countries could boost annual growth by around 4 percentage points. Among its African peers, Nigeria has relatively advanced power, road, rail, and ICT networks that cover the national territory quite extensively. Extensive reforms are ongoing in the power, ports, ICT, and domestic air transport sectors. But challenges persist. The power sector's operational efficiency and cost recovery has been among the worst in Africa, supplying about half of what is required, with subsequent social costs of about 3.7 percent of GDP. The water and sanitation sector has inefficient operations, with low and declining levels of piped water coverage. Irrigation development is also low relative to the country's substantial potential. In the transport sector, Nigeria's road networks are in poor condition from lack of maintenance, and the country has a poor record on air transport safety. Addressing Nigeria's infrastructure challenges will require sustained expenditure of almost $14.2 billion per year over the next decade, or about 12 percent of GDP. Nigeria already spends about $5.9 billion. It is well placed to raise the funds needed for infrastructure, given the strength of the national economy, abundant oil revenues, and efforts at electricity cost recovery and other improvements to operations and management.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESSIBILITYACCOUNTINGACTION PLANADSLAIRAIR TRAFFICAIR TRANSPORT SECTORAIRCRAFTAIRPORTAIRPORT AUTHORITYAIRPORT TERMINALSAIRPORTSAIRWAYSARTISANSASYMMETRIC DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINEAUTONOMOUS PORTAVIATION INDUSTRYBACKBONEBACKBONESBANDWIDTHBEST PRACTICEBEST-PRACTICEBRIDGEBROADBANDBUDGET ALLOCATIONSBUDGET EXECUTIONBULK ELECTRICITYBUSESBUYERCABLECAPITAL COSTSCAPITAL EXPENDITURECAPITAL INVESTMENTCARGOCARRIERSCARSCERTIFICATECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGYCOMPETITIVE MARKETSCONCESSIONCONGESTIONCONNECTIVITYCONTAINER TERMINALCOST OF POWERCOST RECOVERYCOSTS OF POWERCREDITWORTHINESSCUSTOMER BASECUSTOMSDEBTDIGITAL SUBSCRIBERDISTRIBUTION COMPANIESDISTRIBUTION LOSSESDOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORTDOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETSECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC VALUEECONOMIC VIABILITYELECTRICITY TARIFFSENTERPRISE SURVEYSEQUIPMENTFARESFATAL ACCIDENTSFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL FLOWSFINANCIAL PERFORMANCEFINANCIAL VIABILITYFREIGHTFREIGHT MOVEMENTSFUELFUNCTIONALITYGENERATIONGENERATION ASSETSGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATORSGLOBAL STANDARDSGOVERNMENT BONDSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RATESHOUSEHOLD BUDGETSHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHUMAN RESOURCEHUMAN RESOURCESICTINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINFORMATION SYSTEMINFRASTRUCTURE ASSETSINFRASTRUCTURE FINANCEINFRASTRUCTURE FINANCINGINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE PROVISIONINFRASTRUCTURE SECTORINFRASTRUCTURE SPENDINGINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINTERCITY PASSENGERINTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORTINTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATIONINTERNATIONAL AVIATIONINTERNATIONAL TRAVELINVESTMENT TARGETSLANDLORD MODELLARGER TOWNSLEVIESLICENSESLOCOMOTIVEMAINTENANCE EXPENDITURESMARKET CONCENTRATIONMARKET SHAREMOBILE COMMUNICATIONSMOBILE NETWORKSMOBILE PHONEMOBILE SERVICESMOBILE TELEPHONEMOBILITYMONTHLY WATER BILLNATIONAL RAIL NETWORKNATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCESO&MOPEN ACCESSOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYPASSENGER TRAFFICPASSENGERSPEAK DEMANDPERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTSPIPELINEPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION GROWTHPORT AUTHORITIESPORT AUTHORITYPORT INFRASTRUCTUREPORT SERVICESPOWERPOWER PURCHASEPOWER SECTORPOWER SECTOR REFORMPRIVATE CAPITALPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE INVESTMENTSPRIVATE OPERATORSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPRODUCTIVITYPROVISIONSPUBLICPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC FINANCEPUBLIC FUNDSPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SERVICEPURCHASING POWERRAILRAIL LINESRAIL NETWORKSRAIL OPERATORRAILWAYRAILWAYSRESULTRESULTSRETRENCHMENTREVENUE COLLECTIONROADROAD DEVELOPMENTROAD MAINTENANCEROAD NETWORKROAD NETWORKSROAD TRAFFICROADSROUTEROUTESRURAL ACCESSSANITATIONSANITATION SECTORSANITATION SERVICESSANITATION UTILITIESSAVINGSSEAT CAPACITYSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE RELIABILITYSHIPPING LINESSUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTSTARIFFS FOR WATERTAXTELECOMTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICESTERMINAL CONCESSIONSTRAFFICTRAFFIC DENSITYTRAFFIC VOLUMESTRANSMISSIONTRANSPORT INDICATORSTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT MARKETTRANSPORT QUALITYTRANSPORT SAFETYTRANSPORT SECTORTRUCKSTRUETURNAROUND TIMEUNIVERSAL ACCESSUSERUSER CHARGESUSERSUTILITY CUSTOMERSUTILITY SERVICESVEHICLESWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER COVERAGEWATER RESOURCESWATER SERVICESWATER SOURCEWATER SUPPLYWATER UTILITIESWEALTHWEBWELLSWHOLESALE PRICESWIRELESS TECHNOLOGYWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5686