Rossi, FedericoWeber, Michael2024-09-052024-09-052024-09-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/42121This paper reviews how human capital is accumulated and used over the process of development. It highlights that differences in worker productivity are the byproducts of a wide variety of investments happening at different stages of the life cycle, all subject to barriers in developing countries. Moreover, the effective use of human talent in the production process is a key mediator of the effect of human capital on development. It is also a driver of human capital accumulation itself. In light of this interplay between accumulation and utilization, the paper discusses the potential role of human capital in facilitating the adaptation to global challenges such as climate change, demographic transitions, and rapid urbanization.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOHUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATIONHUMAN CAPITAL AND GROWTHEDUCATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTLABOR SUPPLYHUMAN RESOURCESDECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTHSDG 8Working PaperWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-10891