Lattimore, RalphAnderson, KymLloyd, PeterMacLaren, Donald2017-09-072017-09-072008-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/28184In 1990, Australia and New Zealand were ranked around 25th and 37th in terms of Gross National Product (GNP) per capita, having been the highest-income countries in the world one hundred years earlier. Those countries relatively poor economic growth performance over that long period contrasts markedly with that of the past 15 years, when these two economies out-performed most other high-income countries. This difference in growth performance is due to major economic policy reforms during the past two to three decades, both at and behind the border. The report provide new evidence on the extent of governmental distortions to agricultural incentives in particular in the Australian and New Zealand economies since the late 1940s, both directly due to agricultural policies per se and indirectly (and negatively) through protection to manufacturing.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCEADJUSTMENT POLICIESADVANCED ECONOMIESAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL MARKETINGAGRICULTURAL OUTPUTAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSAGRICULTURAL PROTECTIONAGRICULTURAL RESEARCHAGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIESAGRICULTUREANIMAL HEALTHANIMAL PRODUCTSARABLE LANDBARLEYBINDING CONSTRAINTBUYING POWERCAPITAL ACCOUNTCAPITAL ACCOUNTSCAPITAL STOCKSCETERIS PARIBUSCLIMATIC CONDITIONSCOMMAND ECONOMYCOMMODITIESCOMMODITYCOMMODITY PRICECOMMODITY PRICESCOMMODITY TAXESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGESCOMPETITION POLICYCOMPETITIVENESSCONSUMERSCORPORATIONDAIRY FARMERSDAIRY PRODUCTSDAIRY SECTORDEBTDEPRESSIONDEREGULATIONDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRYDEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXTDEVELOPING ECONOMIESDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDISTORTED INCENTIVESDIVIDENDDIVIDENDSDOMESTIC MARKETDOMESTIC PRICEDOMESTIC PRICESDUMPINGECONOMIC ANALYSISECONOMIC CHANGEECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC EFFECTSECONOMIC EFFICIENCYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC HISTORIANSECONOMIC HISTORYECONOMIC IMPLICATIONSECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC POLICIESECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC REFORMECONOMIC REFORMSECONOMIC RELATIONSECONOMIC RESEARCHECONOMIC WELFAREELASTICITIESENERGY RESOURCESENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL POLICYEQUILIBRIUMEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATE REGIMEEXCHANGE RATESEXPENDITURESEXPLOITATIONEXPORT MARKETEXPORT MARKETSEXPORT SECTOREXPORT SECTORSEXPORTSEXTENSIONEXTENSION SERVICESEXTERNALITYFACTIONFACTORS OF PRODUCTIONFARMERSFARMSFEEDFINANCIAL SECTORFISCAL DEFICITSFISCAL POLICYFOOD PROCESSINGFOOD PRODUCTSFORECASTSFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN EXCHANGEFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN TRADEFORESTRYFREE TRADEFREE TRADE AGREEMENTGDPGDP PER CAPITAGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSISGLOBALIZATIONGNPGNP PER CAPITAGOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONGOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENTGOVERNMENT REGULATIONSGROSS VALUEGROWTH RATEHORTICULTURAL CROPSIMPORT BARRIERSIMPORT QUOTASINCOME TAXINDUSTRIAL COUNTRIESINDUSTRIAL COUNTRYINFLATIONINPUT USEINTEGRATIONINTEREST GROUPINTEREST RATEINTEREST RATESINTERMEDIATE INPUTSINTERNATIONAL ECONOMYINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINTERNATIONAL MARKETSINTERNATIONAL TRADELAND DEVELOPMENTLIVESTOCKLIVING STANDARDSLOGGINGMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIESMANUFACTURING INDUSTRYMARGINAL PRODUCTMARKET ACCESSMARKET CONDITIONSMARKET DEVELOPMENTMARKET ECONOMIESMARKET FAILUREMARKET PRICESMARKET STRUCTUREMARKETINGMONETARY POLICYMONOPOLYMULTILATERAL TRADENATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNATIONAL INCOMENATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCESNET EXPORTSNEW TECHNOLOGIESOILOUTPUTSPER CAPITA INCOMEPER CAPITA INCOMESPOLICY INSTRUMENTSPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL PARTYPREFERENTIAL ACCESSPRICE DISCRIMINATIONPRICE LEVELSPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCERSPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROTECTIONISMPUBLIC POLICYQUOTASR&DRAPID GROWTHRATE OF GROWTHREAL WAGESREGULATORREGULATORY BODYRESERVE BANKRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE USERURAL INFRASTRUCTURESAVINGSSMALL ECONOMIESSPECIALIZATIONSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTSTRUCTURAL CHANGESUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTARIFF BARRIERSTAXTAXATIONTELECOMMUNICATIONSTERMS OF TRADETEXTILESTHEORY OF POLITICAL ECONOMYTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHTRADE BARRIERSTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE NEGOTIATIONSTRADE POLICIESTRADE POLICYTREASURYUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT RATEURUGUAY ROUNDVALUE ADDEDWELFARE ECONOMICSWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORSWORLD ECONOMYWORLD MARKETWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTOWorking PaperWorld Bank10.1596/28184