World Bank2014-06-102014-06-102009-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18603The policy note builds on experience from both Tanzania and other Sub-Saharan African countries with similar socioeconomic and environmental contexts. This policy note puts forward and discusses a range of policy measures along the entire charcoal value chain in Tanzania. The development of this policy note benefited from a variety of recent studies on charcoal utilization and trade conducted in the country. This policy note is structured as follows: chapter two provides a broad overview of the charcoal sector in Tanzania and some of the key challenges being faced. It also includes a summary of the key legal and policy measures that have been taken over the past two decades and an assessment of how successful they have been in effecting positive change. Following this, chapter three summarizes experiences reforming the charcoal sector in Tanzania and elsewhere, as well as an assessment of how successful these measures have been. Where possible, key lessons learned are extracted and used to inform policy recommendations. In chapter four, key policy recommendations are made along the production and marketing chains, which are hoped, will provide a useful resource for policy makers and implementers. Chapter five assesses the likely impact of the reforms on reducing deforestation and forest degradation, as well as the positive impacts on boosting employment and improving rural livelihoods. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the costs of the policy recommendations made.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CAPITALACCESS TO ELECTRICITYAFFORESTATIONAGRICULTUREAGROFORESTRYALTERNATIVE ENERGYALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCESALTERNATIVE FUELALTERNATIVE FUELSALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTBENEFIT STREAMSBIODIESELBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIOFUELBIOFUEL PRODUCTIONBUTANECALCULATIONCALORIFIC VALUECARBONCARBON FINANCECARBON STORAGECATCHMENTCATCHMENT AREACHARCOALCHARCOAL KILNSCHARCOAL MAKINGCHARCOAL PRODUCTIONCLEAN DEVELOPMENTCLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOASTAL FORESTSCOMBUSTIONCOMMUNAL FORESTCOMMUNITY FORESTRYCOMMUNITY FORESTSCONSUMER PRICESCONSUMPTION PATTERNSCOOKINGCRUDE OILDEFORESTATIONDEFORESTATION RATESDEGRADED LANDDEGRADED LANDSDEMAND FOR ENERGYDIESELDISPOSABLE INCOMEDOMESTIC ENERGYDRIVERS OF DEFORESTATIONECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC ANALYSISECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC FACTORSECONOMIC VALUEECOSYSTEMEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTSEFFICIENT STOVESELECTRICITYELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY USERSEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATIONENERGY DEVELOPMENTENERGY LADDERENERGY MARKETENERGY MARKETSENERGY MIXENERGY NEEDSENERGY POLICYENERGY RESOURCEENERGY SECTORENERGY SECURITYENERGY SOURCEENERGY STRATEGYENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNSENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTSENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL POLICYENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY ENERGYEROSIONETHANOL GELEXPENDITURESEXPLOITATIONFIREWOODFODDERFOREST ACTFOREST ADMINISTRATIONFOREST AREAFOREST AREASFOREST COVERFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST EXPLOITATIONFOREST LANDFOREST LANDSFOREST LAWFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANFOREST MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIESFOREST MONITORINGFOREST OFFICEFOREST OWNERSFOREST POLICYFOREST PRODUCTSFOREST REGULATIONSFOREST RESERVESFOREST RESOURCE ASSESSMENTFOREST REVENUESFOREST SECTORFOREST USERSFORESTRY OPERATIONSFORESTRY POLICYFORESTRY SECTORFORESTSFOSSIL FUELSFOSSIL-FUEL EMISSIONSFUEL EFFICIENCYFUEL PRICESFUEL PRODUCTIONFUEL SOURCESFUEL SWITCHINGFUEL USEGASESGELGENERATORSHOUSEHOLD ENERGY USEINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYJATROPHAKEROSENELABOR COSTSLABOR FORCELAND CLEARINGLAND TENURE SECURITYLAND-USE PLANNINGLANDLESS PEOPLELIGHTINGLIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASLIQUID BIOFUELSLOSS OF FORESTMIX OF ENERGYNATIONAL ENERGY POLICYNATIONAL FOREST POLICYNATIONAL FOREST RESOURCENATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENTNATURAL FORESTSNATURAL GASNATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTNEGATIVE IMPACTSOPPORTUNITY COSTSPETROLEUM GASPLANTINGPOLICY MAKERSPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOPULATION GROWTHPOWER GENERATIONPOWER SUPPLYPRECIPITATIONPRESENT VALUEPRODUCERSPRODUCTION OF CHARCOALPROPANEPURCHASING POWERRAINWATERRATES OF DEFORESTATIONREDUCING EMISSIONSREFORESTATIONRENEWABLE ENERGYREPLACEMENT COSTSRESINSRURAL AREASRURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL VILLAGESSMOKESSORGHUMSTATE FORESTSSTREAMSSUGARCANESUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTSSUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF ENERGYTIMBER FOREST PRODUCTSTRANSACTION COSTSTREESURBAN HOUSEHOLDSUSE OF ELECTRICITYUSE OF GASVILLAGE FORESTSVILLAGE LEVELWASTE PRODUCTSWATERSHED MANAGEMENTWOOD ENERGYWOOD FUELWOOD FUELSWOOD HARVESTINGWOOD PRODUCTIONWOODLAND RESOURCESWOODLANDSWOODY BIOMASS10.1596/18603