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Publication Palestine Refugees : Education Resilience Case Report(Washington, DC, 2013-01) World Bank-Research in Palestine. This initial approach was qualitative and focused on the voices of students from UNRWA schools in these three regions. Qualitative data approaches lend themselves to the study of education resiliencePublication Pensions in Palestine : Reform in a Context of Unrest, Voume 2. Technical Annex(Washington, DC, 2003-02-28) World BankAt the request of the Palestinian Authority (PA), the status of pension schemes in the West Bank and Gaza was reviewed, and a technical analysis of the two civil service schemes was undertaken. A Technical Appendix reports in detail on projections of the financial status of the civil service schemes as well as on improvement options. This paper summarizes the main findings and highlights the policy implications. Its primary focus is on solutions that could be implemented in the short-term. The civil service pension schemes are bankrupt and in need of reform. The major issues facing them are: financial non-sustainability; government arrears in contributions; corporate governance issues resulting in rapid depreciation of the pension fund; the lack of financial disclosure; government overstaffing; and the lack of coverage for the private sector. This report recommends as critical next steps in the short term that there must be immediate and significant parametric reforms designed to restore financial solvency and enhance equity, such as reducing the retirement age and cutting benefit accrual rates. Governance, that is, increasing the transparency and efficiency of the Gaza Pensions and insurance Corporation (GPIC), the largest non-bank financial institution in the West Bank and Gaza, has been suggested. Right-sizing government employment is also important. In the long-term, systemic reforms will be needed to solidify pensions for government workers. Comprehensive protection for all elderly persons, one of the most vulnerable groups, is desperately needed within the context of the current crisis. A universal flat benefit scheme is the only short-term option that can provide broad-based assistance. Another short-term key concept is the recovery of pension transfers owed to Palestinian workers from Israel; the value could be significant and could avert poverty for many soon-to-retire Palestinians with extensive work histories in Israel. The sequencing and initiation of pension reform is a lengthy process, involving the reconciliation of conflicting priorities among different stakeholders. Within the context of the West Bank and Gaza, it may be best to think of the reform process in three steps: commitment building, coalition building, and implementation.Publication Pensions in Palestine : Reform in a Context of Unrest, Volume 1. Main Report(Washington, DC, 2003-02-28) World BankAt the request of the Palestinian Authority (PA), the status of pension schemes in the West Bank and Gaza was reviewed, and a technical analysis of the two civil service schemes was undertaken. A Technical Appendix reports in detail on projections of the financial status of the civil service schemes as well as on improvement options. This paper summarizes the main findings and highlights the policy implications. Its primary focus is on solutions that could be implemented in the short-term. The civil service pension schemes are bankrupt and in need of reform. The major issues facing them are: financial non-sustainability; government arrears in contributions; corporate governance issues resulting in rapid depreciation of the pension fund; the lack of financial disclosure; government overstaffing; and the lack of coverage for the private sector. This report recommends as critical next steps in the short term that there must be immediate and significant parametric reforms designed to restore financial solvency and enhance equity, such as reducing the retirement age and cutting benefit accrual rates. Governance, that is, increasing the transparency and efficiency of the Gaza Pensions and insurance Corporation (GPIC), the largest non-bank financial institution in the West Bank and Gaza, has been suggested. Right-sizing government employment is also important. In the long-term, systemic reforms will be needed to solidify pensions for government workers. Comprehensive protection for all elderly persons, one of the most vulnerable groups, is desperately needed within the context of the current crisis. A universal flat benefit scheme is the only short-term option that can provide broad-based assistance. Another short-term key concept is the recovery of pension transfers owed to Palestinian workers from Israel; the value could be significant and could avert poverty for many soon-to-retire Palestinians with extensive work histories in Israel. The sequencing and initiation of pension reform is a lengthy process, involving the reconciliation of conflicting priorities among different stakeholders. Within the context of the West Bank and Gaza, it may be best to think of the reform process in three steps: commitment building, coalition building, and implementation.Publication Navigating the Shadows: Unhappiness and Depression in the Middle East and North Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-07-25) World Bankin 10 MENA countries, conducted by the World Values Survey (WVS) Association. The survey interviewed 12,366 respondents, distributed almost equally across Algeria, Palestine, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, SaudiPublication Unequal Scarcity: A Gendered Analysis of Food Insecurity in the Middle East and North Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-07-28) World Banklarge-scale phone survey in 10 MENAcountries, conducted by the World Values Survey (WVS) Association.1,2 The surveyinterviewed 12,366 respondents, distributed almost equally across Algeria, Palestine,Iran, Iraq, JordanPublication Action Alert? Endemic Gender-Based Violence in the Middle East and North Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-07-25) World Bank, conducted by the World Values Survey (WVS) Association. The survey interviewed 12,366 respondents, distributed almost equally across Algeria, Palestine, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Egypt.Publication Micronutrient Deficiencies in the Palestinian Territories: Identifying the Bottlenecks of Anemia Prevention and Control and Assessing the Feasibility of an Oil Fortification Program(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-12) Hasumi, Takahiro; Mahmassani, HiyaIn the Palestinian territories (PT), decades of conflict, economic stagnation, and restricted movement of people and goods, coupled with high unemployment and poverty rates, continue to affect social, health, and nutrition indicators. For decades, several assessments have indicated a poor nutritional status of the population in the West Bank (WB) and Gaza Strip (GS). Specifically, a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies still exists among pregnant and postnatal women and children of ages 6–23 months despite multiple initiatives to address them. Micronutrient deficiencies are one form of undernutrition that occur because of insufficient intake or sufficient intake coupled with inadequate absorption due to infection, disease, or inflammation. Two detailed assessments were conducted (1) to identify the bottlenecks of anemia prevention and control programs in the PT and (2) to examine the feasibility of an edible oil fortification program. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak and conflicts, the assessments largely relied on the use of readily available data for secondary analyses and remote data collection through online/phone surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. To the extent possible, the assessments collected data from key informants (for example, health care service providers) and beneficiaries through field visits and stakeholder interviews. The detailed methodology for each of the assessments areavailable in annexes 1 and 2.Publication To Ban or Not to Ban?: Regulating Dual Practice in Palestine(Taylor and Francis, 2017-01-31) Alaref, Jumana; Awwad, Jawad; Araujo, Edson; Lemier, Christophe; Hillis, Samira Ahmed; Ozaltin, Emreon the potential impact of banning dual practice in Palestine. We apply theoretical evidence and international experience, together with context-specific primary and secondary data, to assess the policy's enforceability, implications, and sustainabilityPublication Prospects for Growth and Jobs in the Palestinian Economy: A General Equilibrium Analysis(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2017-11-01) World Bank Grouprealities, it is particularly important to study what Palestine could do on its own to improve growth prospects. The hope is that this study could help the Palestinian authorities and other stakeholders form a vision... and operational engagement with Palestine by highlighting key reforms and investments needed to support higher and more inclusive growth.Publication Learning in the Face of Adversity: The UNRWA Education Program for Palestine Refugees(Washington, DC, 2014-10) Reyes, Joel; Abdul-Hamid, Husein; Kelcey, Jo; Patrinos, Harry Anthony; Diaz Varela, AndreaEast and North Africa region. Palestine refugees are achieving higher-than-average learning outcomes in spite of the adverse circumstances they live under. Their education system the United Nations Relief and Works... Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) operates one of the largest non-governmental school systems in the Middle East. It manages nearly 700 schools, has hired 17,000 staff, educates more
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