09. Knowledge Notes

4,114 items available

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Knowledge Notes are short briefs (typically 4-6 pages in length) that capture lessons of experience from Bank operations and research in a succinct and easily digestible format (and usually reference larger works found elsewhere in the OKR). Work is underway to expand the collection to draw in more lessons that the staff want to highlight from ongoing and recent lending and economic and sector work (ESW).

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 4114
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    Options to Support Workers through a Transition away from Coal in Eastern Wielkopolska (March 2022)
    (World Bank, WAshington DC, 2023-05-30) Honorati, Maddalena ; Banaszczyk, Anna
    The objective of this policy note is to provide an overview of the three draft project proposals and to recommend key design principles and implementation arrangement options for a coordinated outplacement program in the Eastern Wielkopolska region that would provide a package of services to motivate and help affected workers find suitable jobs in alignment with the TJTP. The focus of the note is on interventions supporting the social and labor transition in Eastern Wielkopolska, rather than the economic, spatial, and energy transformations which are also part of the JTM Pillar. Efforts to promote local economic development and environmental rehabilitation of affected subregions as well as to develop stakeholder engagement and public communication strategies are beyond the scope of this note.
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    Geothermal Data Management: Good Practices and the Role of Regulators and Developers
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023-05-10) de Wit, Joeri ; Hallgrimsdottir, Elin
    Proper management of geothermal data is essential to the long-term development of geothermal resources at economically attractive costs. Even after a particulargeothermal resource has come on stream, the data gathered in the process may be useful in the development of other projects—if they are well preserved. This Live Wire explores good data management practices and the role of regulators and developers in promoting those practices.
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    Off the Books: Understanding and Mitigating the Fiscal Risks of the Power Sector
    (World Bank, Washington DC, 2023-05-01) Herrera Dappe, Matías ; Foster , Vivien ; Musacchio, Aldo ; Ter-Minassian, Teresa ; Turkgulu, Burak
    This Live Wire—based on Off the Books: Understanding and Mitigating the Fiscal Risks of Infrastructure (2023)—presents a systematic assessment of the magnitude and prevalence of fiscal risks from power investments and their root causes across a range of low- and middle-income countries. Drawing on important new sources of evidence, it shows just how much is at stake in the good governance of the power sector, how fiscal risks vary across contexts, and how they can be mitigated.
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    Breaking Barriers: Improving Access to Clean Cooking in Displacement Settings
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023-04-25) Bellur, Sharmila ; Antony, Anish Paul
    Cooking programs in camps and other settings for the world’s 100 milliondisplaced people have typically provided substandard stoves and fuelwood rather than clean, modern fuels. But clean cooking solutions are gaining ground, with new operating models that improve affordability. The goal should be the integration of clean cooking within basic service packages provided to displaced populations and a framework to provide such services for aslong as the displacement lasts. This Live Wire provides evidence of constructive change from refugee camps and other displacement settlements around the world.
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    How Did Countries Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis? Emerging Patterns on Jobs-Relates Policies
    (World Bank, Washington DC, 2023-04-24) Contreras , Ivette ; Khamis, Melanie ; Newhouse, David ; Weber, Michael
    This brief investigates the differences in countries’ jobs-related policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Four main patterns emerge. First, the type of labor policies adopted by countries varied greatly according to their income level. Low-income countries were more likely to implement public works programs but not other policies, such as unemployment benefits, labor regulations, wage subsidies, training and placements policies, firm liquidity support, and cash transfers to workers. Meanwhile, countries with more formal workforce and existing unemployment benefits systems were more likely to implement policies such as unemployment benefits and labor regulations. Second, low- and lower-middle-income countries devoted a lower share of their gross domestic product (GDP) to expenditure on new job-related policies. Third, conditional on countries’ income group, the magnitude of the GDP shock did not have a statistically significant correlation with the adoption of different policies. This may reflect uncertainty in the the extent of the GDP shock when the policy response was determined or noise in the measure of GDP. Finally, countries that adopted more stringent COVID-19 restrictions were more likely to adopt changes to labor regulations, specifically changes in working conditions to try to soften the blow on workers. These results suggest that the policy response to the crisis in low- and lower-middle-income countries was constrained by the lack of resources, resulting in lower-cost policies with generally limited impacts on workers.
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    Increasing Supply Chain Links in Cabo Verde’s Tourism Sector: Challenges, Opportunities, and Recommendations for Improving Food Supply Quantity, Quality, and Reliability
    (Washington, DC, 2023-04-19) World Bank
    Brief assessment of the challenges, opportunities, and recommendations for Improving Food Supply Quantity, Quality, and Reliability in Cabo Verde.
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    Financing Our Future: How to Improve the Efficiency of Education Spending in North Macedonia
    (Washington, DC, 2023-04-17) World Bank
    This policy brief aims to discuss North Macedonia’s key constraints and needed policy responses in the field of education financing, contributing to the debate on how to improve the efficiency of education system as a key investment for our future. It draws on the findings presented in the “North Macedonia Education Public Finance Review” prepared by the World Bank.
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    Typology of Economic Women’s Groups Programs in South Asia
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023-04-13) de Hoop, Thomas ; Holla, Chinmaya ; Das, Aikantika ; Desai, Sapna
    Women’s groups models vary widely across contexts but context-specific documentation is limited. This wide variation coupled with inconsistent terms used to describe these groups creates challenges in using the evidence collected on group-based interventions to inform policy. The typology presented in this brief focuses on economic women’s group models implemented in South Asia. Using program documents and evidence from evaluations, it identifies implementation models, key characteristics, and the implications of investing in women’s groups to improve economic outcomes in South Asia.
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    Enabling Scaled-Up Risk Reduction Investments in the Philippines: Establishing a Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Program to Better Safeguard Against Hazards
    (Washington, DC, 2023-04-10) World Bank
    The Philippines is one of the most natural hazard-prone countries in the world. Disasters in the country can quickly roll back hard-won economic and social development gains. To better safeguard the country against these disasters, it is critical to ramp up the institutional capacity and policies for a comprehensive disaster risk management program and to improve coordination between oversight and implementing agencies through upgraded legislation with disaster risk reduction measures while also building the capacity of government agencies by introducing resilience-building tools and resources. The program demonstrated that a whole-of-government approach is critical for meaningful results in a multi-sectoral engagement on disaster risk management. An engaged, committed core team of counterparts across all relevant sectors within government, including central oversight agencies, were crucial in the achievement of the program’s desired outputs and outcomes.
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    Ukraine - Human Development Update, February 2023
    (Washington, DC, 2023-04-10) World Bank
    The full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, has resulted in tens of thousands of civilian casualties, internal displacement of millions of people, widespread destruction of infrastructure, and disruption of services that are essential to human capital formation and protection. This Ukraine Human Development Update summarizes the cumulative effects of the war, highlights recent government responses, and provides an overview of World Bank support.