Working Paper
SMEs, Age, and Jobs : A Review of the Literature, Metrics, and Evidence
collection.link.5 |
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/9
| |
collection.name.5 |
Policy Research Working Papers
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dc.contributor.author |
Aga, Gemechu
| |
dc.contributor.author |
Francis, David C.
| |
dc.contributor.author |
Rodriguez Meza, Jorge
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dc.date.accessioned |
2015-12-18T20:52:15Z
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dc.date.available |
2015-12-18T20:52:15Z
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dc.date.issued |
2015-11
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dc.date.lastModified |
2021-04-23T14:04:15Z
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dc.description.abstract |
The subject of which firms are the key
employers—and which of these create or destroy jobs at a
faster rate—is eminently important for academics and policy
makers. The relative importance of small versus large firms
and old versus young firms has in particular been
extensively debated and studied. Nevertheless, the results
often hinge on the questions that are asked. Moreover, the
categorical definitions used to define firm size and age,
and the nature and coverage of the data used have important
effects. This paper lays out the relevant definitions and
metrics that are central to the debate, reviewing the main
findings to date on the subject (with particular emphasis on
results in developing economies). The paper adds updated
results for 117 developing economies using the World Bank’s
Enterprise Survey Data, finding that (i) small and medium
enterprises and older establishments are the dominant
employers in the nonagricultural private sector labor force
in developing economies, and (ii) net job creation is
negatively correlated with establishment age and, although
the effect of size is also negative, its significance is
sensitive to the definition and methods used.
| en |
dc.identifier |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25462713/smes-age-jobs-review-literature-metrics-evidence
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dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23455
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dc.language |
English
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dc.language.iso |
en_US
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dc.publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC
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dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7493
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dc.rights |
CC BY 3.0 IGO
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dc.rights.holder |
World Bank
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dc.rights.uri |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
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dc.subject |
JOBS
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT
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dc.subject |
JOB CREATION RATE
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dc.subject |
MOTIVATION
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dc.subject |
ECONOMIC GROWTH
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dc.subject |
ACCOUNTING
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dc.subject |
NET JOB CREATION
| |
dc.subject |
PRODUCTION
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT SHARE
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM SURVEY
| |
dc.subject |
INCOME
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dc.subject |
SERVICE SECTOR
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM DYNAMICS
| |
dc.subject |
MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
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dc.subject |
TOTAL LABOR FORCE
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dc.subject |
INFORMATION
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dc.subject |
CROSS- SECTIONAL DATA
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dc.subject |
LABOR FORCE
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dc.subject |
SURVIVAL RATE
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dc.subject |
JOB GENERATION
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dc.subject |
MANUFACTURERS
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dc.subject |
JOB
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dc.subject |
AGE CATEGORIES
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dc.subject |
EFFECTS
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
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dc.subject |
LABOR STATISTICS
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dc.subject |
MERGERS
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dc.subject |
FIRM SIZE
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dc.subject |
TRAINING PROGRAMS
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT SIZE
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dc.subject |
DRIVERS
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dc.subject |
SMALL BUSINESS
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT LEVEL
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM EXIT
| |
dc.subject |
TRAINING
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT LEVELS
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dc.subject |
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
| |
dc.subject |
MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM LEVEL
| |
dc.subject |
WORKER
| |
dc.subject |
PREVIOUS STUDIES
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dc.subject |
FARM EMPLOYMENT
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dc.subject |
LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
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dc.subject |
NON-FARM EMPLOYMENT
| |
dc.subject |
PRODUCTIVITY
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dc.subject |
JOB LOSS
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dc.subject |
JOB CHURNING
| |
dc.subject |
MARKETS
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dc.subject |
FIRM
| |
dc.subject |
ORGANIZATIONS
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dc.subject |
BUSINESS CYCLE
| |
dc.subject |
DOMINANT EMPLOYERS
| |
dc.subject |
LABOR
| |
dc.subject |
ENTERPRISES
| |
dc.subject |
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT CREATION
| |
dc.subject |
PREVIOUS RESULTS
| |
dc.subject |
EFFICIENCY
| |
dc.subject |
SIZE OF FIRMS
| |
dc.subject |
SMALL ENTERPRISE
| |
dc.subject |
SHOP
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM ENTRY
| |
dc.subject |
AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT SIZE
| |
dc.subject |
SMALL FIRM
| |
dc.subject |
FIRMS
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dc.subject |
WORKERS
| |
dc.subject |
JOB DESTRUCTION RATES
| |
dc.subject |
POLICIES
| |
dc.subject |
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE
| |
dc.subject |
SMALL ENTERPRISES
| |
dc.subject |
TURNOVER
| |
dc.subject |
VALUE
| |
dc.subject |
PLANT SIZE
| |
dc.subject |
NET EMPLOYMENT
| |
dc.subject |
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
| |
dc.subject |
JOB CREATION RATES
| |
dc.subject |
AGE GROUPS
| |
dc.subject |
CO-OPERATIVES
| |
dc.subject |
PRIVATE FIRMS
| |
dc.subject |
ENTERPRISE
| |
dc.subject |
PRODUCTIVE FIRMS
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT GROWTH
| |
dc.subject |
JOB CREATION
| |
dc.subject |
PRIVATE SECTOR
| |
dc.subject |
DOWNWARD BIAS
| |
dc.subject |
MARKET
| |
dc.subject |
JOB FLOWS
| |
dc.subject |
ECONOMIC THEORY
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYERS
| |
dc.subject |
ECONOMICS
| |
dc.subject |
EXPANSION
| |
dc.subject |
JOB DESTRUCTION
| |
dc.subject |
THEORY
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM” LEVEL
| |
dc.subject |
SECURITY
| |
dc.subject |
RISK
| |
dc.subject |
JOB DESTRUCTION RATE
| |
dc.subject |
CONTRACTING
| |
dc.subject |
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYEE
| |
dc.subject |
INNOVATION
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS
| |
dc.subject |
LENDING
| |
dc.subject |
LABOUR REGULATION
| |
dc.subject |
SMALL FIRMS
| |
dc.subject |
SUPPLIERS
| |
dc.subject |
FIRM GROWTH
| |
dc.subject |
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
| |
dc.subject |
LABOUR
| |
dc.subject |
EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE
| |
dc.subject |
SMALL BUSINESSES
| |
dc.subject |
SME
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dc.subject |
EMPLOYEES
| |
dc.title |
SMEs, Age, and Jobs
| en |
dc.title.subtitle |
A Review of the Literature, Metrics, and Evidence
| en |
dc.type |
Working Paper
| en |
okr.date.disclosure |
2015-11-13
| |
okr.doctype |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
| |
okr.doctype |
Publications & Research
| |
okr.docurl |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25462713/smes-age-jobs-review-literature-metrics-evidence
| |
okr.googlescholar.linkpresent |
yes
| |
okr.identifier.doi |
10.1596/1813-9450-7493
| |
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum |
090224b0831b5b16_1_0
| |
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum |
25462713
| |
okr.identifier.report |
WPS7493
| |
okr.imported |
true
| |
okr.language.supported |
en
| |
okr.pdfurl |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/11/13/090224b0831b5b16/1_0/Rendered/PDF/SMEs00age00and0etrics00and0evidence.pdf
| en |
okr.topic |
Finance and Financial Sector Development :: Microfinance
| |
okr.topic |
Social Protections and Labor :: Labor Market
| |
okr.topic |
Social Protections and Labor :: Labor Policies
| |
okr.topic |
Social Protections and Labor :: Labor Management and Relations
| |
okr.topic |
Private Sector Development :: Small and Medium Size Enterprises
| |
okr.unit |
Global Indicators Group, Development Economics
|
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