Public Expenditure Review

502 items available

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2109

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North Macedonia Public Finance Review - Education

(Washington, DC, 2023-03-17) World Bank

This section of the Public Finance Review (PFR) assesses the level, quality, efficiency, and equity of public spending on education in North Macedonia and recommends policies that could increase efficiency as well as outcomes. It also examines the status of recent education reforms in the country and provides directions that can contribute to a better education system in North Macedonia.
Uzbekistan Public Expenditure Review, December 2022: Better Value for Money in Human Capital and Water Infrastructure

(Washington DC, 2023-03-13) World Bank

This second public expenditure review (PER) examines the effectiveness of government spending in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on education, health, social protection, and water resources management. Fiscal policy and transparency reforms implemented recently in Uzbekistan have supported strong economic management through the reforms and helped realign public spending to new priorities emerging from Uzbekistan’s ambitious transformation. Improvements in fiscal policy and public financial management have played an important role in creating a stable macroeconomic environment for reforms to continue. The focus of public finance reforms over the past few years has been to strengthen aggregate fiscal control, management, and oversight. After years of fiscal policy reforms in 2017–21, shifting sectoral focus on delivering better public services to more citizens is timely and much needed. There are significantopportunities to improve the quality of public services by making public spending at the sector level more effective, financially sustainable, and efficient. The emphasis of the government’s reforms is now shifting toward improving public spending effectiveness and service quality at the sector level. This PER looks at several of the most critical services that citizens largely depend on the government for: health, education, social protection, and water.
Nigeria Public Finance Review: Fiscal Adjustment for Better and Sustainable Results

(Washington, DC, 2022-11) World Bank

The Nigeria Public Finance Review is part of a programmatic effort of fiscal analytics that the World Bank is conducting with the Nigerian government. Ongoing analyses is shared as presentations and technical notes in a continuous dialogue. The emphasis is on establishing a baseline understanding of key fiscal management challenges, and on highlighting reform options to support the government’s agenda to strengthen revenue and expenditure policies and programs to tackle Nigeria’s key development challenges.
Solomon Islands Public Expenditure Review: Fiscal Reform and the Path to Debt Sustainability

(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022-09-30) World Bank

A Public Expenditure Review (PER) is a diagnostic instrument to analyze public expenditures and revenues, support policy dialogue with government, and inform engagement with other stakeholders. During November 2021 and July 2022, a PER was conducted for Solomon Islands, titled ‘Fiscal reform and the path to debt sustainability’. The PER examines the public finance implications of a large public investment pipeline and declining logging revenues, and identifies the importance of reform for fiscal sustainability and resilient development. On the revenue side, the PER examines pathways in which the government’s tax reform agenda and the mining sector can contribute to income generation and economic growth. On the recurrent expenditure side, the PER assesses public sector pay and employment, and identifies options to make spending in health and education more efficient. Finally, the PER investigates the risks and opportunities of the large public investment pipeline and the consequences for (fiscal) sustainability.
Egypt Public Expenditure Review for the Human Development Sectors

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-09) World Bank Group

This Public Expenditure Review (PER) aims at informing government efforts to pursue its commitment to enhancing socioeconomic outcomes through more and better spending on human capital. To achieve this important objective, the Government of Egypt (GoE) aims at creating the fiscal space needed to increase growth-enhancing spending in a way that reflects positively on socioeconomic outcomes. This PER analyzes the adequacy, efficiency, and equity of public spending on the human development sectors. It examines options to create fiscal space by reducing inefficient and wasteful spending within this sector and increasing the impact of existing resources. From an equity perspective, the PER examines how public resources are distributed within the sector, and across income groups and/or geographical regions, and how system-wide reforms can reduce inequality in spending and outcomes. Drawing on a fiscal incidence analysis jointly carried out with the MOF, the distributional impact of potential fiscal measures and other policy changes is simulated to inform the reforms agenda. The first part of the review (Volume I) presents the macro-fiscal context and its constraints. It also presents an analysis of the social protection system in place to mitigate the effects of the challenging macroeconomic environment. The second part of the review (Volume II) focuses on the most difficult challenges facing the core human development sectors, namely health, education and higher education.
Tanzania Agriculture Public Expenditure Review

(Washington, DC, 2022-06-22) World Bank ; FAO

The World Bank and FAO teamed up with the Government of Tanzania to produce the country’s first agricultural public expenditure review (PER) since the launch of the country’s second agriculture sector development program (ASDP II). After outlining the role and performance of the sector (crop, livestock, fisheries, and forestry) in Tanzania and its main policy frameworks, this report uses historical data from 2017 to 2022 to review the level and composition of public expenditure. It then analyzes its allocative efficiency, effectiveness and alignment with the Government’s strategic sectoral goals as defined in Tanzania Vision 2025 and the ASDP II. To do so, it combines a price incentive analysis on key value chains, thematic deep dives on strategic areas for the government (irrigation, agricultural knowledge system, seed system, climate change adaptation), and a coherence analysis. The report unveils that agricultural public budget mostly targets public goods in Tanzania, but at a level too critically low for these to materialize and support sustainable productivity growth and job creation. Detailed actionable recommendations are proposed for the government to improve spending on the agricultural sector to leverage further its growth potential.
Public Expenditure and Revenue Review for Burkina Faso: Fiscal Reforms for Resilience

(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022-04) World Bank

This Public Expenditure and Revenue Review (PERR) identifies Burkina Faso’s key public spending and revenue challenges and proposes solutions to develop more effective and transparent fiscal policies. The review, carried out by a World Bank team with inputs from the Government of Burkina Faso, is the first such core diagnostic for the country in more than 10 years. It fills an important information gap and serves as a starting point for deeper analyses in three areas: (a) domestic revenue mobilization, (b) the sectoral allocation of public expenditure, and (c) public financial management.
All Drops in the Bucket for Universalization: Public Expenditure Review of Water and Sanitation in Brazil

(Washington, DC, 2022-03) World Bank

Brazil has a pressing need for better water supply and sanitation services (WSS), but in recent years public investment in the sector has been declining both in real terms and as a proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) and is often spent behind schedule and inefficiently. WSS budgets are allocated to states with higher populations, leaving behind rural areas. Federal and state resources must be aligned to incentive inclusion through WSS investments and improvements in service providers’ operational efficiency.
Maldives Public Expenditure Review: Restoring fiscal health

(Washington, DC, 2022) World Bank

How the government of Maldives chooses to spend state revenues has consequences for the country’s future Decisions on what, where, how, and how much governments spend on have a significant impact on a country’s growth and development. Allocating resources efficiently and effectively across atolls can ensure that all Maldivians, no matter where they live, have good access to services. The Maldives Public Expenditure Review (MPER) aims to help the government identify reforms to reduce fiscal and debt vulnerabilities and thus ensure a more secure, sustainable, and inclusive future. Although Maldives has bounced back strongly from the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the shock has illuminated longstanding vulnerabilities in the tourism-dependent economy. With public and publicly guaranteed debt at unprecedented levels, any sudden stop in external financing and/or a materialization of fiscal risks, such as from natural disasters, climate change, or a bailout of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) could lead to a costly and sudden macroeconomic crisis. To avoid such a situation in Maldives, the MPER recommends policy actions in several expenditure areas, namely: (i) public infrastructure, (ii) health, (iii) SOEs, (iv) public housing, (v) the public sector wage bill and (vi) pensions.
Blue Public Expenditure Review: Guidance Note

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-12-20) World Bank

This guidance note helps World Bank teams answer 6 key questions to help prepare a country’s blue public expenditure review (PER), a valuable tool for countries on their journey to a sustainable blue economy: (1) what is the scope of the review, (2) how much does the government spend and on what, (3) how much is spent now (adequacy) and what can be afforded in the medium and long term (sustainability), (4) are public resources being used efficiently and effectively, (5) is the public financial management system set up to enhance financial accountability, and (6) does public spending promote equity