Publication:
Air Pollution and Poverty: PM2.5 Exposure in 211 Countries and Territories

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dc.contributor.authorLeonova, Nadia
dc.contributor.authorRentschler, Jun
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-20T00:10:30Z
dc.date.available2022-04-20T00:10:30Z
dc.date.issued2022-04
dc.description.abstractAir pollution is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, especially affecting poorer people who tend to be more exposed and vulnerable. This study contributes (i) updated global exposure estimates for the World Health Organizations's 2021 revised fine particulate matter (PM2.5) thresholds, and (ii) estimates of the number of poor people exposed to unsafe PM2.5 concentrations. It shows that 7.28 billion people, or 94 percent of the world population, are directly exposed to unsafe average annual PM2.5 concentrations. Low- and middle-income countries account for 80 percent of people exposed to unsafe PM2.5 levels. Moreover, 716 million poor people (living on less than $1.90 per day) live in areas with unsafe air pollution. Around half of them are located in just three countries: India, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Air pollution levels are particularly high in lower-middle-income countries, where economies tend to rely more heavily on polluting industries and technologies. The findings are based on high-resolution air pollution and population maps with global coverage, as well as subnational poverty estimates based on harmonized household surveys.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099338004182222681/IDU0972f137406bef043fa0bcbb0d345e0a30849
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10005
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/37322
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;10005
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK
dc.subjectPOVERTY AND POLLUTION
dc.subjectPOLLUTING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectPOLLUTING TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectSUBNATIONAL POVERTY ESTIMATES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE
dc.subjectLEADING CAUSE OF DEATH
dc.subjectAIR POLUTION
dc.titleAir Pollution and Povertyen
dc.title.subtitlePM2.5 Exposure in 211 Countries and Territoriesen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleAir Pollution and Poverty: PM2.5 Exposure in 211 Countries and Territories
okr.date.disclosure2022-04-18
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:37:41.052163Z
okr.date.lastmodified2022-04-18T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099338004182222681/IDU0972f137406bef043fa0bcbb0d345e0a30849
okr.guid099338004182222681
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10005
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum33788309
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum33788309
okr.identifier.reportWPS10005
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099338004182222681/pdf/IDU0972f137406bef043fa0bcbb0d345e0a30849.pdfen
okr.topicEnvironment::Pollution Management & Control
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Demographics
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Environment and Health
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Monitoring & Evaluation
okr.topicUrban Development::Urban Health
okr.unitGGSVP Chief Economist (GGSCE)
relation.isAuthorOfPublication30005afb-5036-51b6-b3fb-626d539c298a
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery30005afb-5036-51b6-b3fb-626d539c298a
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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