Publication: Commentary on Latin American Experiences on Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning
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On the basis of Latin American experiences in monitoring and evaluation (M&E), this note addresses learning issues with particular emphasis on the role of trust, the relations between M&E, and barriers to the use of M&E as a source of learning and suggestions to overcome them.
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Publication Experience with Institutionalizing Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in Five Latin American Countries(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2006-05)This paper provides a comparative analysis of five countries which have sought to institutionalize government-wide monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems. Among the many lessons are the strong advantages of having high-level support, and the benefits of coordination among different stakeholders and systems. A number of strong features of Chile’s main M&E system are also noted.Publication Institutionalizing Monitoring and Evaluation Systems : Five Experiences from Latin America(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2005-09)Many governments in the Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) have gained an increased understanding of the value of M&E to help both governments and donors alike better understand what public investments and interventions work well, which do not, and the reasons why. Monitoring the performance of public programs and institutions helps increase their effectiveness, provides increased accountability and transparency in how public monies are used, and can inform the budgetary process and the allocation of public resources, thus improving their effectiveness to improve welfare and, consequently, reduce poverty and increase the equality of opportunities.Publication Citizens, Politicians, and Providers : The Latin American Experience with Service Delivery Reform(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2005)Children regularly receiving health visits and education, the sick receiving proper and timely health care, safe water flowing out of the tap, electricity reliably reaching homes and businesses-these apparently simple events are taken for granted in developed countries. In Latin America, despite two decades of social and infrastructure improvements, the poor and many of the middle class make do with low-quality services. Far too many of the poor receive no services. Improving service delivery to the poor is both a widespread political demand, and central to the realization of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This book interprets service delivery successes, and failures in Latin America and provides guidance to policymakers, and development practitioners on shaping public action to provide better-quality services for all. Its analysis builds on the accountability framework developed in the Bank's World Development Report 2004: Making Services Work for Poor People, which emphasizes the behavior of people-from teachers to administrators, politicians, and rich and poor citizens-within the chain of interactions, from demand to actual service delivery. The report seeks to answer an essential question: If accountability relationships among citizens, policymakers, and service providers are key to effective service delivery, and there have been both systemic reforms (expanding national and local democracy), and an array of specific experiments (privatization, increased choice), why is service delivery in Latin America still so inequitable, and often of low quality?Publication Fiscal Responsibility Laws for Subnational Discipline: The Latin American Experience(World Bank, Washington, D.C., 2004-05)This paper discusses fiscal responsibility laws in Latin America, with special attention to their provisions for fiscal discipline by subnational governments. It discusses why and when such laws might be useful-to help resolve the coordination problem in getting diverse governments to avoid overusing the common national credit market and to help individual governments make a time-consistent commitment for fiscal prudence. It examines the cases of Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Argentina, as well as the case of Mexico where other types of laws and regulations aim to achieve the same objectives of solidifying incentives for fiscal discipline at all levels of government. Fiscal responsibility laws are found to be useful in some cases, although the experience is not long enough to be certain, but they are clearly not necessary in every case, nor always sufficient to assure fiscal stability.Publication Specialization and Adjustment during the Growth of China and India : The Latin American Experience(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2007-08)This paper examines the extent to which the growth of China and India in world markets is affecting the patterns of trade specialization in Latin American economies. The authors construct Vollrath's measure of revealed comparative advantage by 3-digit ISIC sector, country, and year. This measure accounts for both imports and exports. The empirical analyses explore the correlation between the revealed comparative advantage of Latin America and the two Asian economies. Econometric estimates suggest that the specialization pattern of Latin A-with the exception of Mexico-has been moving in opposite direction of the trade specialization pattern of China and India. Labor-intensive sectors (both unskilled and skilled) probably have been negatively affected by the growing presence of China and India in world markets, while natural resource and scientific knowledge intensive sectors have probably benefited from China and India's growth since 1990.
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