Publication:
Estimating the Size of External Effects of Energy Subsidies in Transport and Agriculture

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorCommander, Simon
dc.contributor.authorNikoloski, Zlatko
dc.contributor.authorVagliasindi, Maria
dc.date.accessioned2015-04-02T18:43:24Z
dc.date.available2015-04-02T18:43:24Z
dc.date.issued2015-04
dc.description.abstractIt is widely accepted that the costs of underpricing energy are large, whether in advanced or developing countries. This paper explores how large these costs can be by focussing on the size of the external effects that energy subsidies in particular generate in two important sectors—transport and agriculture—in two countries in the Middle East and North Africa, the Arab Republic of Egypt (transport) and the Republic of Yemen (agriculture). The focus is mainly on the costs associated with congestion and pollution, as well as the impact of underpriced energy for depletion of scarce water resources, including through crop selection. Quantifying the size of external effects in developing countries has received relatively little analytical attention, although there is a significant body of literature for developed countries. By building on earlier research, as well as employing the United Nations ForFITS model, the paper provides indicative estimates of the external costs of energy subsidies, as manifested in congestion and pollution. The estimates using simulations indicate that these costs could be materially reduced by elimination or reduction of energy subsidies. The paper also describes the impact of energy subsidies on water consumption in a region where water resources are particularly limited. The findings provide further evidence of the adverse and significant consequences of subsidizing energy.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/04/24249970/
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7227
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/21674
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank Group, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7227
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectPOLLUTION COSTS
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITIES
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE INCREASE
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSIT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE INCREASES
dc.subjectCOST OF TRAVEL
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUELS
dc.subjectPASSENGERS
dc.subjectROAD ACCIDENTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectCAR OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectGASOLINE
dc.subjectJOURNEY
dc.subjectVEHICLE OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectTOLL
dc.subjectVEHICLE CLASS
dc.subjectCOSTS OF CONGESTION
dc.subjectTYPE OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectTRANSPORT PRICING
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS
dc.subjectVEHICLE CLASSES
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SERVICES
dc.subjectUNDERGROUND
dc.subjectMODAL CHOICE
dc.subjectTRANSPORT MODES
dc.subjectTRAVEL COSTS
dc.subjectFUEL ECONOMY
dc.subjectCRASHES
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectELASTICITIES OF ROAD TRAFFIC
dc.subjectELASTICITIES OF VEHICLE TRAVEL
dc.subjectURBAN TRIPS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEFFICIENT VEHICLES
dc.subjectVEHICLE MILES
dc.subjectVEHICLE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectFUEL USE
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectVEHICLE TYPES
dc.subjectURBAN BUSES
dc.subjectTRIPS
dc.subjectHIGH ENERGY
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectTRAVEL SURVEY
dc.subjectPRICE ELASTICITY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT DATA
dc.subjectGAS EMISSIONS
dc.subjectFUEL TAXES
dc.subjectFUELS
dc.subjectFUEL COSTS
dc.subjectSUBSIDIES
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLONG RUN ELASTICITY
dc.subjectBUSES
dc.subjectPRIVATE VEHICLES
dc.subjectVEHICLE FUEL ECONOMY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT NETWORK
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectCONGESTION
dc.subjectDRIVING
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectFUEL EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION DEATHS
dc.subjectPOLICIES
dc.subjectMARGINAL EXTERNAL COSTS
dc.subjectTRUCKS
dc.subjectPRICE ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK
dc.subjectCARS
dc.subjectTRADING PATTERNS
dc.subjectACCESSIBILITY
dc.subjectTRUCK USE
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGES
dc.subjectEMISSION FACTORS
dc.subjectPETROLEUM GAS
dc.subjectFUEL PRICES
dc.subjectPASSENGERS AS WELL
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectCOSTS OF FUEL
dc.subjectURBAN MOBILITY
dc.subjectVEHICLE EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectFUEL TAX
dc.subjectRAILWAY
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectCAR
dc.subjectWALKING
dc.subjectTRANSPORT TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectVEHICLE FUEL
dc.subjectVEHICLE COST
dc.subjectCOST OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT ACTIVITY
dc.subjectDIESEL FUEL
dc.subjectRAIL
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE AIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectTRIP
dc.subjectCONGESTION COST
dc.subjectTRANSPORT DEMAND
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SYSTEM
dc.subjectVEHICLE REGISTRATIONS
dc.subjectVEHICLE AIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectDIESEL
dc.subjectROAD TRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIME
dc.subjectTRANSPORT POLICIES
dc.subjectFUEL COST
dc.subjectFREIGHT
dc.subjectROAD TRAFFIC
dc.subjectURBAN TRANSPORT
dc.subjectLONG-DISTANCE TRAVEL
dc.subjectFUEL SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectAUTOMOBILE
dc.subjectFUEL-EFFICIENT VEHICLES
dc.subjectTRAFFIC CONGESTION
dc.subjectPRICE OF FUEL
dc.subjectROAD DEATHS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SERVICE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
dc.subjectVEHICLE TRAVEL ELASTICITY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectVEHICLES
dc.subjectFREIGHT TRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectTRANSIT BENEFITS
dc.subjectGASOLINE CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFATAL INJURIES
dc.subjectLORRIES
dc.subjectPOLLUTANT EMISSIONS
dc.subjectSUBSIDY
dc.subjectTRAFFIC
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectGAS CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES
dc.subjectVEHICLE USE
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectTRAFFIC VOLUME
dc.subjectSPEEDS
dc.subjectTRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectVEHICLE
dc.subjectVEHICLE TRAVEL
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectTRANSPORT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectCOSTS
dc.subjectCAR OCCUPANCY
dc.subjectLAND USE ACCESSIBILITY
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF VEHICLE TRAVEL
dc.subjectROAD SECTOR
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectLONG-DISTANCE
dc.subjectCONGESTION CHARGING
dc.subjectMODE OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectMOBILITY
dc.subjectTRAVEL DEMAND
dc.subjectROAD INJURIES
dc.subjectMODES OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectPOLLUTION
dc.subjectEXHAUST EMISSIONS
dc.subjectPRICE SENSITIVITY
dc.subjectFUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectTRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
dc.subjectINJURY
dc.subjectGASOLINE PRICE
dc.subjectTAXES
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGE
dc.subjectENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectVEHICLE USAGE
dc.subjectTRAVEL
dc.subjectCOST OF CONGESTION
dc.subjectTRANSIT
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectVEHICLE FLEET
dc.subjectROAD SAFETY
dc.subjectCONGESTION COSTS
dc.subjectEXCESS FUEL CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE
dc.subjectTAX SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLES
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORT
dc.subjectODOMETER
dc.subjectSIGNALS
dc.subjectMODAL CHOICES
dc.subjectPRICE SENSITIVITIES
dc.subjectVEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectHIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectHIGHWAY
dc.subjectGASOLINE TAXES
dc.subjectRAILWAYS
dc.subjectINLAND TRANSPORT
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE
dc.subjectVEHICLE KILOMETERS
dc.subjectACCIDENTS
dc.subjectFUEL OIL
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS
dc.subjectCOSTS OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectPEDESTRIANS
dc.subjectLONG-RUN ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectNOISE
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectPASSENGER TRANSPORT
dc.titleEstimating the Size of External Effects of Energy Subsidies in Transport and Agricultureen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleEstimating the Size of External Effects of Energy Subsidies in Transport and Agriculture
okr.date.disclosure2015-04-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T07:18:27.513569Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/04/24249970/
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.guid844851468188674686
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7227
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b082d2570a_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum24249970
okr.identifier.reportWPS7227
okr.language.supporteden
okr.region.administrativeAfrica
okr.region.countryEgypt, Arab Republic of
okr.region.countryYemen, Republic of
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Climate Change Economics
okr.topicTransport Economics Policy and Planning
okr.topicEnergy::Energy Production and Transportation
okr.topicTransport and Environment
okr.topicAgriculture::Agricultural Sector Economics
okr.topicEnergy::Energy Policies & Economics
okr.topicEnergy::Energy and Economic Development
okr.topicEnvironment::Pollution Management & Control
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Taxation & Subsidies
okr.topicTransport
okr.unitEnergy and Extractives Global Practice Group
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
WPS7227.pdf
Size:
2.43 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Policy Research Working Papers